{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T08:53:28Z","timestamp":1762592008251,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]],"date-time":"2021-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Some clinicians believe second sets of tympanostomy tubes extrude more quickly than first sets.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective case\u2010control series.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified children who were examined 12\u2009months after placement of their second set of tympanostomy tubes and compared them to a similar number of children who were examined 12\u2009months after their first set of tympanostomy tubes. Extrusion was determined by otoscopy, otomicroscopy, and\/or tympanometry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      One hundred eighteen children had 12\u2010month follow\u2010up data available after their first set of tubes, 54 had 12\u2010month follow\u2010up data available for their second set, and 56 had 12\u2010month follow\u2010up data after their first and second sets. A total of 568 tubes were observed. Looking at each tube, second set tubes were significantly more likely to be extruded at 12\u2009months (48%) compared to first set (28%) (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Patient age was not associated with extrusion rate. For patients who had 12\u2010month follow\u2010up for both their first and second set of tubes, there was no correlation between extrusion of first and second set tubes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Second set tympanostomy tubes are significantly less likely to remain functional 12\u2009months after placement than first sets, independent of patient age at placement and independent of whether the child's first tubes extruded by 12\u2009months. Given the short duration of second tube function, delaying second set placement until the fall might be a better choice for some children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      3\n                      <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>\n                      , 132:222\u2013224, 2022\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.29715","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]],"date-time":"2021-06-29T07:39:17Z","timestamp":1624952357000},"page":"222-224","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Second Sets of Tympanostomy Tubes Extrude Sooner"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"132","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9186-2954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole","family":"Molin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University  Philadelphia Pennsylvania U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2830-6023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farrel J.","family":"Buchinsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of ENT, Allegheny Health Network  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5977-1796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Glenn","family":"Isaacson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Pediatrics Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University  Philadelphia Pennsylvania U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Ambulatory and inpatient procedures in the United States, 1996","volume":"139","author":"Owings MF","year":"1998","journal-title":"Vital Health Stat 13"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-0125"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.128.12.1357"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599817752633"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26926"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019459988509300601"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198903000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200403000-00019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019459988008800423"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1992.02160160053013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BatesD M\u00e4chlerM BolkerB WalkerS.Fitting linear mixed\u2010effects models using lme4. Published online2014. arXiv Prepr arXiv14065823.","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199204000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.132.3.293"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949310200912"}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.29715","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/lary.29715","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.29715","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T08:51:21Z","timestamp":1762591881000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.29715"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.29715"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.29715","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0023-852X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1531-4995"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-04-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-06-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-06-29","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}