{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T02:16:20Z","timestamp":1784081780668,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,12]],"date-time":"2021-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633996800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the presence, degree, predictors, and trajectory of dysphagia, dysphonia, and dysarthria among adults hospitalized with COVID\u201019 across the Republic of Ireland (ROI) during the first wave of the pandemic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective observational cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adults with confirmed COVID\u201019 who were admitted into 14 participating acute hospitals across ROI and referred to speech and language therapy between March 1st and June 30th<jats:sup>,<\/jats:sup> 2020 were recruited. Outcomes obtained at initial SLT evaluation and at discharge were oral intake status (Functional Oral Intake Scale), perceptual voice quality (GRBAS), and global dysarthria rating (Dysarthria Severity Scale).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data from 315 adults were analyzed. At initial SLT assessment, 84% required modified oral diets, and 31% required tube feeding. There were high rates of dysphonia (42%) and dysarthria (23%). History of intubation (OR 19.959, 95% CI 6.272, 63.513; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.000), COVID\u201019 neurological manifestations (OR 3.592, 95% CI 1.733, 7.445; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.001), and age (OR 1.034; 95% CI 1.002, 1.066; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.036) were predictive of oral intake status. History of intubation was predictive of voice quality (OR 4.250, 95% CI 1.838, 9.827; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.001) and COVID\u201019 neurological manifestations were predictive of dysarthria (OR 2.275; 95% CI 1.162, 4.456; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.017). At discharge, there were significant improvements in oral intake (Z\u00a0=\u00a0\u20107.971; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.000), voice quality (Z\u00a0=\u00a0\u20105.971; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.000), and dysarthria severity (Z\u00a0=\u00a0\u20102.619; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.009), although need for modified oral intake (59%), dysphonia (23%), and dysarthria (14%) persisted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dysphagia, dysphonia, and dysarthria were widespread among adults hospitalized with COVID\u201019 and they persisted for many at discharge. Prompt SLT evaluation is required to minimize complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>3 <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 132:1251\u20131259, 2022<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.29900","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,9]],"date-time":"2021-10-09T07:46:20Z","timestamp":1633765580000},"page":"1251-1259","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Dysphagia, Dysphonia, and Dysarthria Outcomes Among Adults Hospitalized With <scp>COVID<\/scp>\u201019 Across Ireland"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"132","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5816-4516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie","family":"Regan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Speech and Language Studies Trinity College Dublin  Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret","family":"Walshe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Speech and Language Studies Trinity College Dublin  Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Lavan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Speech and Language Therapy Department St. James' Hospital  Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eanna","family":"Horan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Speech and Language Therapy Department Tallaght University Hospital  Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia Gillivan","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Speech and Language Therapy Department Mater Misericordiae University Hospital  Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Healy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Speech and Language Therapy Department Beaumont Hospital  Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caoimhe","family":"Langan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Speech and Language Therapy Department St. Vincent's University Hospital  Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Malherbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Speech and Language Therapy Department Galway University Hospital  Galway Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Breda Flynn","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Speech and Language Therapy Department Midland Regional Hospital Tullamore &amp; Portlaoise  Offaly Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Cremin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Speech and Language Therapy Department University Hospital Kerry  Kerry Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Hilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Speech and Language Therapy Department Cavan General Hospital  Cavan Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenni","family":"Cavaliere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Speech and Language Therapy Department University Hospital Waterford  Waterford Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacinta","family":"Curley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Speech and Language Therapy Department Wexford General Hospital  Wexford Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Moloney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Speech and Language Therapy Department St. Luke's Hospital  Kilkenny Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grace","family":"Flanagan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Speech and Language Therapy Department Sligo University Hospital  Sligo Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Whyte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Speech and Language Therapy Department Naas General Hospital  Kildare Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2010419"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.2020.1823094"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.6825"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.1127"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14367"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.120.031786"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.07.072"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2021.01.063"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc12791"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-012-2130-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2006.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjae.2021.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.29346"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.484"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-019-05865-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-018-3376-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-017-9844-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.28148"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2010.511685"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215120002443"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","unstructured":"Statement from the National Public Health emergency Team. 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