{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T15:30:03Z","timestamp":1747150203332,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]],"date-time":"2022-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643241600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title>The purpose of this study is to evaluate the association between type\u20101 laryngeal clefts and pathogenic bacterial growth in the lower airway in children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Study Design<\/jats:title>Retrospective chart review.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>A retrospective chart review was conducted for all children who underwent direct laryngoscopy, flexible bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and esophagogastroduodenoscopy, under a single anesthetic event from 2015 until 2018 at an academic tertiary referral center. Type\u20101 laryngeal clefts were diagnosed as an interarytenoid depth at or below the level of the vocal folds, on direct laryngoscopy, via palpation by a fellowship\u2010trained pediatric otolaryngologist. Pathogenic bacterial growth in the lower airway was defined as presence of BAL culture growth of nonrespiratory flora.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>A total of 217 patients were identified. Type\u20101 laryngeal cleft was significantly associated with chronic cough (P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.0016) and cough with feeds (P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u2009.0001). However, an abnormal video fluoroscopic swallow study was not found to be significantly associated with type\u20101 laryngeal cleft (P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.92) or pathogenic bacterial growth in the lower airway (P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.19).<\/jats:p>Overall, 122 (56%) patients were diagnosed with type\u20101 laryngeal cleft, 75 (35%) had pathogenic bacterial growth in the lower airway and 50 (23%) had both type\u20101 laryngeal cleft and pathogenic bacterial growth in the lower airway. Type\u20101 laryngeal cleft was significantly associated with pathogenic bacterial growth in the lower airway on both univariate analysis (P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.0307) and multivariate analysis (P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.0298, odds ratio 1.922, 95% confidence interval 1.066\u20133.467).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Children with type\u20101 laryngeal clefts are at higher risk of having pathogenic bacterial growth in the lower airway.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>4 Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 132:1825\u20131828, 2022<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.30023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]],"date-time":"2022-01-27T14:28:28Z","timestamp":1643293708000},"page":"1825-1828","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Type\u20101 Laryngeal Cleft and Pathogenic Bacterial Growth in the Lower Airway in Children"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"132","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6754-4382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tu\u2010Anh N.","family":"Ha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bobby R. Alford Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8621-5456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julina","family":"Ongkasuwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bobby R. Alford Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3720-6307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David R.","family":"Spielberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huirong","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Outcomes and Impacts Service Texas Children's Hospital Houston Texas U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shailendra","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2014.03.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2006.07.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"95","article-title":"Laryngeal cleft","volume":"73","author":"Watters K","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.132.12.1335"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.27070"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.20821"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.06.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0910061"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-9974-3-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.12076"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.03.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(21)00104-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2019-317917"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599818806283"}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.30023","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/lary.30023","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.30023","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T22:04:17Z","timestamp":1692741857000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.30023"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.30023"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.30023","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0023-852X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1531-4995"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-09-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-01-03","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-01-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}