{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T09:40:43Z","timestamp":1783762843065,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643673600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nasopharyngeal swabs currently remain the gold standard for COVID\u201019 sample collection. A surge in testing volume has resulted in a large number of health care workers who are unfamiliar with nasal anatomy performing this test, which can lead to improper collection practices culminating in false\u2010negative results and complications. Therefore, we aimed to assess the accuracy and educational potential of a realistic 3D\u2010printed nasal swab simulator to expedite health care workers' skill acquisition.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective pre\u2010post interventional study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A nasal swab task trainer (NSTT) was developed to scale from computed tomography data with a deviated septum. Frontline workers at COVID\u201019 testing sites in Ontario, Canada, were recruited to use the NSTT for nasopharyngeal swab training. Integrated video recording capability allowed participants to self\u2010evaluate procedure accuracy. A five\u2010point Likert scale was collected regarding the NSTT's educational value and procedural fidelity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty\u2010two frontline workers included in the study were primarily registered nurses (52%) or paramedics (16%). Following simulator use, self\u2010assessed accuracy improved in 77% of all participants and 100% of participants who expressed low confidence before training. Ninety\u2010four percent reported that the NSTT provided a complete educational experience, and 82% regarded the system as a more effective training approach than what is currently available. Eighty\u2010one indicated that the simulator should be used at all COVID\u201019 testing sites, with 77% stating province\u2010wide implementation was warranted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The nasal swab task trainer is an effective educational tool that appears well\u2010suited for improved skill acquisition in COVID\u201019 testing and may be useful for training other nasal swab applications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>3 <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 133:38\u201342, 2023<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.30034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T09:41:14Z","timestamp":1643708474000},"page":"38-42","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Improving Nasopharyngeal Swab Technique via Simulation for Frontline Workers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"133","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7618-2902","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan S.","family":"Instrum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert W.","family":"Koch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6190-1425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taciano","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyed Alizera","family":"Rohani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanif","family":"Ladak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumit K.","family":"Agrawal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5825-2759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leigh J","family":"Sowerby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa370"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2020.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"WHO.Diagnostic testing for SARS\u2010CoV\u20102.https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/diagnostic-testing-for-sars-cov-2.2020. 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