{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T00:05:35Z","timestamp":1792886735578,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,11]],"date-time":"2022-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652227200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01\u2010DC017397"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01\u2010DC017397"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Functional outcomes following microflap surgery for vocal fold pathology are favorable. Although the stratified squamous epithelium appears to heal rapidly, persistent physiologic tissue alterations are likely. We sought to elucidate key biochemical processes including recruitment of immune cells, regulation of cellular junction proteins, and long\u2010term alterations to epithelial tissue permeability following microflap with an eye toward enhanced clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty New Zealand rabbits were assigned to eight groups (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a05\/group): no\u2010injury control or bilateral microflap with survival for 0\u2009h, 12\u2009h, 1\u2009day, 3\u2009days, 7\u2009days, 30\u2009days, and 60\u2009days post\u2010microflap. The epithelium was dissected from one vocal fold and transepithelial resistance was quantified. The contralateral fold was subjected to transmission electron microscopy. Images were evaluated by a blinded rater and paracellular space dilation was quantified using ImageJ. Immune cell infiltration was evaluated and recorded qualitatively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Increased innate immune response was observed 12\u2009h as well as 7 and 30\u2009days after microflap. At 60\u2009days following injury, decreased epithelial resistance was observed. Paracellular spaces were dilated at all time\u2010points following injury.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The vocal fold epithelium was significantly altered at 60\u2009days following microflap. The implications for this tissue phenotype are unclear. However, compromised epithelial barrier function is implicated in various diseases and may increase the risk of subsequent injury.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>NA <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 133:350\u2013356, 2023<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.30169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,11]],"date-time":"2022-05-11T07:41:15Z","timestamp":1652254875000},"page":"350-356","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Epithelial response to vocal fold microflap injury in a preclinical model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"133","author":[{"given":"Lea","family":"Sayce","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Communication Science and Disorders, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zachary","family":"Zimmerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Communication Science and Disorders, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary","family":"Gartling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Communication Science and Disorders, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania U.S.A."},{"name":"Rehabilitation Medicine NYU Grossman School of Medicine  New York U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9852-4464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernard","family":"Rousseau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Communication Science and Disorders, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1190-9036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan C.","family":"Branski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rehabilitation Medicine NYU Grossman School of Medicine  New York U.S.A."},{"name":"Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery NYU Grossman School of Medicine  New York U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000179174.32345.41"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23189"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5935\/1808-8694.20130078"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00020840-200312000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2005.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOO.0000000000000408"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21364"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940411301001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199703000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949510400402"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940111000802"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940111000105"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200005000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949910800203"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21797"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24324"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.22470"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24263"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21388"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26715"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2009.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2014_JSLHR-S-13-0283"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24827"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2019.08.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-007-0568-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02439971"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2089"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","unstructured":"BreljeTC SorensonRL.Chapter 7 \u2010 Peripheral Blood | Electron Microscopy. 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