{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T09:40:10Z","timestamp":1789810810567,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,15]],"date-time":"2022-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657843200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Topical intranasal anticholinergics are commonly prescribed for the relief of chronic rhinitis and associated symptoms, warranting thorough assessment of the supporting evidence. The present study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of anticholinergic nasal sprays in the management of allergic and non\u2010allergic rhinitis symptom severity and duration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A search encompassing the Cochrane Library, PubMed\/MEDLINE, and Scopus databases was conducted. Primary studies describing rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, and\/or postnasal drip outcomes in rhinitis patients treated with an anticholinergic spray were included for review.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The search yielded 1,029 unique abstracts, of which 12 studies (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a02,024) met inclusion criteria for qualitative synthesis and 9 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01,920) for meta\u2010analysis. Median follow\u2010up was 4\u2009weeks and ipratropium bromide was the most extensively trialed anticholinergic. Compared to placebo, anticholinergic treatment was demonstrated to significantly reduce rhinorrhea severity scores (standardized mean difference [95% CI]\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.77 [\u22121.20, \u22120.35]; \u22120.43 [\u22120.72, \u22120.13]) and duration (\u22120.62 [\u22120.95, \u22120.30]; \u22120.29 [\u22120.47, \u22120.10]) in allergic and non\u2010allergic rhinitis patients respectively. Benefit was less consistent for nasal congestion, postnasal drip, and sneezing symptoms. Reported adverse effects included nasal mucosa dryness or irritation, epistaxis, headaches, and pharyngitis, though comparison to placebo found significantly greater risk for epistaxis only (risk ratio [95% CI]\u00a0=\u00a02.19 [1.22, 3.93]).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Albeit treating other symptoms with less benefit, anticholinergic nasal sprays appear to be safe and efficacious in reducing rhinorrhea severity and duration in both rhinitis etiologies. This evidence supports their continued use in the treatment of rhinitis\u2010associated rhinorrhea.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>1 <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 133:722\u2013731, 2023<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.30306","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,15]],"date-time":"2022-07-15T09:34:44Z","timestamp":1657877684000},"page":"722-731","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Intranasal Anticholinergics for Treatment of Chronic Rhinitis: Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"133","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2300-3904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan C.","family":"Pang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of California  Irvine, Orange California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0754-3115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milind","family":"Vasudev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of California  Irvine, Orange California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy T.","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of California  Irvine, Orange California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madeline M","family":"Nottoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of California  Irvine, Orange California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Dang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of California  Irvine, Orange California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3475-0718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward C.","family":"Kuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of California  Irvine, Orange California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8112019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.29527"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2007.01620.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WOX.0b013e3181990aac"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Leader P","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2018.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Sam C","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb\/8.2.176"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/164_2016_68"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198408163110701"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012620.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WOX.0b013e3181b35336"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4168\/aair.2011.3.3.148"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.00294"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","unstructured":"Review Manager (RevMan) [Mac OS X]. 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