{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T23:07:21Z","timestamp":1776726441574,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,20]],"date-time":"2022-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>In patients undergoing patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) ligation there is a significant risk of left vocal fold paralysis (LVFP) particularly in premature neonates who are small for gestational age. The objective of this study is to determine the incidence of LVFP in infants following PDA ligation and report on long\u2010term outcomes in patients with LVFP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed a prospective study of patients undergoing PDA ligation in the newborn intensive care unit (NICU) between April 2004 and May 2014. Following PDA ligation, flexible laryngoscopy was performed to assess vocal fold mobility. Patients were then followed longitudinally to determine long\u2010term outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 163 infants underwent PDA ligation. Thirty\u2010six patients (22%) developed LVFP following the procedure. Twenty\u2010five percent of neonates &lt;1500\u2009g experienced LVFP versus 5% of patients &gt;1500\u2009g (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.033). Patients with LVFP were more likely to require a feeding tube (64% vs. 19.6%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and spent more time in the NICU (135\u2009days vs. 106\u2009days; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Twenty\u2010four patients received long\u2010term follow\u2010up. Six (25%) had complete resolution of LVFP, 10 (42%) were compensated, and 8 (33%) demonstrated persistent LVFP with no improvement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The incidence of LVFP after PDA ligation is high especially in extremely low birth weight children. The majority of patients recovered well with time, but further surgical intervention was required in uncompensated cases. Long\u2010term follow\u2010up of these patients is needed to ensure improvement. <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 133:1257\u20131261, 2023<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.30343","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,20]],"date-time":"2022-08-20T11:19:47Z","timestamp":1660994387000},"page":"1257-1261","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Long\u2010term Outcomes of Vocal Fold Paralysis Following Patent Ductus Arteriosus Ligation in Neonates"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"133","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4672-674X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Quinn","family":"Orb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0669-5566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel","family":"Dunya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reema","family":"Padia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh Medical Center  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jerald","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deperatment of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Holbrook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harlan","family":"Muntz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8818-9287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marshall E.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah 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