{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T12:01:29Z","timestamp":1789387289783,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,9]],"date-time":"2023-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683590400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bronchial anomalies are rare but challenging conditions to treat in children, encompassing a variety of structural abnormalities that could compromise airway patency. This includes complete rings, absent cartilage, traumatic avulsions, bronchoesophageal fistulas, and cartilaginous sleeves. The objective of this study is to describe the characteristics and outcomes of a series of pediatric cases of bronchial anomalies that were treated by slide tracheobronchoplasty.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a single\u2010institution retrospective case series of pediatric patients with bronchial anomalies who underwent surgical treatment between February 2004 and April 2020. Data extracted from electronic medical records included patient demographics, comorbidities, and surgical outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were a total of 29 patients included in the study, of which 14 had complete bronchial rings, 8 had absent bronchial rings, 4 had traumatic bronchial avulsions, 2 had bronchoesophageal fistulas, and one had a cartilaginous sleeve. Median follow\u2010up time was 13\u2009months (with a range of 0.5\u2013213\u2009months). The overall mortality rate was 17.2% (5 patients), all of whom had complete bronchial rings. Patients with complete bronchial rings also had a higher rate of not only cardiac (85.7%) and pulmonary comorbidities (85.7%) but also secondary airway lesions (78.6%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is the largest series to date describing surgical treatment for bronchial anomalies. Complete bronchial rings were the most common anomaly treated, followed by absent rings and trauma. Surgical treatment can be successful but mortality rates are higher in patients with complete bronchial rings, possibly due to higher rates of pulmonary and cardiac comorbidities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>4 <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 133:3334\u20133340, 2023<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.30737","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,10]],"date-time":"2023-05-10T20:32:25Z","timestamp":1683750745000},"page":"3334-3340","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Characteristics and Outcomes of Surgical Treatment for Bronchial Anomalies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"133","author":[{"given":"Derek D.","family":"Kao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6801-7544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yann","family":"Fuu\u2010Kou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center  Dallas Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4805-9832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cynthia S.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of Cincinnati College of Medicine  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Lehenbauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Zak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary Medicine Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati College of Medicine  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Benscoter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary Medicine Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati College of Medicine  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David LS","family":"Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4792-4676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"de Alarcon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of Cincinnati College of Medicine  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J","family":"Rutter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck 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