{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T23:38:11Z","timestamp":1788910691375,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Oral or intratympanic corticosteroids are commonly used to treat sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL), tinnitus, and Meniere disease. Direct intracochlear delivery has been proposed to overcome the variability in bioavailability and efficacy of systemic or middle ear delivery. In this study, we aim to characterize the physiologic consequences of microneedle\u2010mediated direct intracochlear injection of dexamethasone through the round window membrane (RWM).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In Hartley guinea pigs (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20095), a post\u2010auricular incision followed by bullostomy was made to access the round window membrane. Using 100\u2009\u03bcm diameter hollow microneedles, 1.0\u2009\u03bcl of 10\u2009mg\/ml dexamethasone was injected through the RWM over 1\u2009min. Compound action potential (CAP) and distortion product otoacoustic action emissions (DPOAE) were measured before perforation, at 1\u2009h, and at 5\u2009h following injection. CAP hearing thresholds were measured from 0.5 to 40\u2009kHz, and DPOAE f2 frequencies ranged from 1.0 and 32\u2009kHz. Repeated measures ANOVA followed by pairwise <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010tests were used for statistical analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>ANOVA identified significant CAP threshold shifts at four frequencies (4, 16, 36, and 40\u2009kHz) and differences in DPOAE at 1 frequency (6\u2009kHz). Paired t\u2010tests revealed differences between the pre\u2010perforation and 1\u2009h time point. By 5\u2009h post injection, both CAP hearing thresholds and DPOAE recover and are not significantly different from baseline thresholds.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Direct intracochlear delivery of dexamethasone via microneedles results in temporary shifts in hearing thresholds that resolve by 5\u2009hours, thus supporting microneedle technology for the treatment of inner ear disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>NA <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 134:388\u2013392, 2024<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.30811","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T11:35:25Z","timestamp":1686828925000},"page":"388-392","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Physiologic Effects of <scp>Microneedle\u2010Mediated<\/scp> Intracochlear Dexamethasone Injection in the Guinea Pig"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"134","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6935-4075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sharon J.","family":"Feng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons Columbia University Irving Medical Center  New York New York U.S.A."},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery NewYork\u2010Presbyterian\/Columbia University Irving Medical Center  New York New York U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6833-5072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen","family":"Leong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons Columbia University Irving Medical Center  New York New York U.S.A."},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery NewYork\u2010Presbyterian\/Columbia University Irving Medical Center  New York New York U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aykut","family":"Aksit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Columbia University  New York New York U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniella","family":"H\u00e9bert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Columbia University  New York New York U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth S.","family":"Olson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery NewYork\u2010Presbyterian\/Columbia University Irving Medical Center  New York New York U.S.A."},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Columbia University  New York New York U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey W.","family":"Kysar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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