{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T16:14:29Z","timestamp":1791648869914,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]],"date-time":"2023-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690502400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21K09613"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21K09613"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22K09671"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22K09671"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APP1129376"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1129376"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the sustained effects of oropharyngeal capsaicin stimulation on the regulation of swallowing, we recorded the swallowing\u2010related nerve activities during continuous infusion of capsaicin solution into the oropharynx.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In 33 in situ perfused brainstem preparation of rats, we recorded the activities of the vagus, hypoglossal, and phrenic nerves during fictive swallowing. The interburst intervals (IBIs) of the swallowing\u2010related nerves during sequential pharyngeal swallowing (sPSW) elicited by electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) during concurrent capsaicin stimulation of 10, 1, and 0.1\u2009\u03bcM (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200928) were compared with those during oropharyngeal infusion of saline (control) (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20095).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The IBIs during SLN\u2010induced sPSW were reduced at 5\u2009min after initiation of continuous infusion of 10 and 1\u2009\u03bcM capsaicin solution. The IBIs showed significant decreases to \u221225.8\u2009\u00b1\u20096.9%, \u221225.9\u2009\u00b1\u20095.3, \u221218.3\u2009\u00b1\u20093.7, and \u221212.0\u2009\u00b1\u20091.6 at 30\u2009min following 1\u2009\u03bcM capsaicin stimulation at SLN stimulus conditions at 5\u2009Hz of 1.2 times threshold, 10\u2009Hz of 40\u2009\u03bcA, 5\u2009Hz of 60\u2009\u03bcA, and 10\u2009Hz of 60\u2009\u03bcA, respectively. Continuous capsaicin stimulation of 0.1\u2009\u03bcM solution did not show significant sustained effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pharmacological stimulation of capsaicin could provide time\u2010dependent effects on the likelihood of swallowing, particularly subserving sustained facilitation of swallowing reflex with appropriate concentration of capsaicin.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>NA <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 134:305\u2013314, 2024<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.30918","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]],"date-time":"2023-07-28T10:30:35Z","timestamp":1690540235000},"page":"305-314","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Sustained Effects of Capsaicin Infusion into the Oropharynx on Swallowing in Perfused 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