{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T14:33:38Z","timestamp":1779114818257,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,6]],"date-time":"2023-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Advancements in digital cameras and the advent of smartphones have magnified the importance of clinical photography in facial plastic surgery. Here, we aim to examine the effect of different camera types, focal lengths, and distances from subjects on facial distortion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twelve subjects underwent a series of frontal photographs using a smartphone camera and a full\u2010frame digital single\u2010lens reflex camera. Photos were captured at six distances from the subject. Seven focal lengths were used at each distance for the full\u2010frame camera. Measurements of facial landmarks were made for each photo, with those made at 60 inches using the full\u2010frame camera considered the gold standard and used for comparison.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Distortion of facial features using the full\u2010frame camera occurred when photos were captured 8 inches away using short focal lengths. A 12%\u201319% increase in vertical stretching of the midface occurred when using focal lengths of 24, 35, and 50\u2009mm (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05 for all). The same features were distorted when a smartphone camera was used at 8 inches (18% increase, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) and 12 inches (12% increase, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.03).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Distortion of midfacial features using both smartphones and full\u2010frame cameras occurs with short, \u2018selfie\u2019 distances between the camera and subject.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>2 <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 134:1234\u20131238, 2024<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.30935","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,6]],"date-time":"2023-08-06T17:59:21Z","timestamp":1691344761000},"page":"1234-1238","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Quantifying Facial Distortion in Modern Digital Photography"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"134","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4324-8113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adeeb","family":"Derakhshan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Loma Linda University  Loma Linda California U.S.A."},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Harvard Medical School Massachusetts Eye and Ear  Boston Massachusetts U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3274-4488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shekhar K.","family":"Gadkaree","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Harvard Medical School Massachusetts Eye and Ear  Boston Massachusetts U.S.A."},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery University of Miami Miller School of Medicine  Miami Florida U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric R.","family":"Barbarite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Harvard Medical School Massachusetts Eye and Ear  Boston Massachusetts U.S.A."},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Washington University in St. Louis  St. Louis Missouri U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael M.","family":"Lindeborg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery University of California San Francisco  San Francisco California U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prabhat K.","family":"Bhama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Providence Regional Medical Center  Everett Washington U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7786-7812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David A.","family":"Shaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Harvard Medical School Massachusetts Eye and Ear  Boston Massachusetts U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199808000-00045"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1064305"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.06.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamafacial.2018.0030"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000005253"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-006-0125-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200110000-00037"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamafacial.2018.0009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-1226(85)90001-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000003146"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","unstructured":"Mobile Fact Sheet. Published online April 7 2021.https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/internet\/fact-sheet\/mobile\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/PRBM.S177834"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22449"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","unstructured":"BrandtR.Google divulges numbers at I\/O: 20 billion texts 93 million selfies and more 2014.https:\/\/www.bizjournals.com\/sanjose\/news\/2014\/06\/25\/google-divulges-numbers-at-i-o-20-billion-texts-93.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","unstructured":"AAFPRS announces annual survey results: A look at how COVID\u201019 disrupted facial plastic surgery & aesthetics 2015.https:\/\/www.aafprs.org\/Media\/Press_Releases\/PageTemplates\/New%20Survey%20Results%20Announced%20Feb.%201 %202021.aspx."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsc.2010.01.002"}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.30935","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,16]],"date-time":"2024-02-16T12:34:13Z","timestamp":1708086853000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.30935"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,6]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.30935"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.30935","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-852X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-4995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-12-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-07-23","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-08-06","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}