{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T15:40:50Z","timestamp":1766504450201,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694390400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003354","name":"Garnett Passe and Rodney Williams Memorial Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003354","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GNT1125970"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT1125970"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intraoperative trauma leading to bleeding during cochlear implantation negatively impacts residual hearing of cochlear implant recipients. There are no clinical protocols for the removal of blood during implantation, to reduce the consequential effects such as inflammation and fibrosis which adversely affect cochlear health and residual hearing. This preclinical study investigated the implementation of an intra\u2010cochlear flushing protocol for the removal of blood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three groups of guinea pigs were studied for 28\u2009days after cochlear implantation; cochlear implant\u2010only (control group); cochlear implant with blood injected into the cochlea (blood group); and cochlear implant, blood injection, and flushing of the blood from the cochlea intraoperatively (flush group). Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) in addition to tissue response volumes were analyzed and compared between groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After implantation, the blood group exhibited the highest ABR thresholds when compared to the control and flush group, particularly in the high frequencies. On the final day, the control and blood group had similar ABR thresholds across all frequencies tested, whereas the flush group had the lowest thresholds, significantly lower at 24\u2009kHz than the blood and control group. Analysis of the tissue response showed the flush group had significantly lower tissue responses in the basal half of the array when compared with the blood and control group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Flushing intra\u2010cochlear blood during surgery resulted in better auditory function and reduced subsequent fibrosis in the basal region of the cochlea. This finding prompts the implementation of a flushing protocol in clinical cochlear implantation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>N\/A <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 134:1410\u20131416, 2024<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.31022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T11:11:31Z","timestamp":1694430691000},"page":"1410-1416","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Intra\u2010cochlear Flushing Reduces Tissue Response to Cochlear Implantation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"134","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1179-3873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tayla","family":"Razmovski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital University of Melbourne  East Melbourne Victoria 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Microscopy Platform University of Melbourne  Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amy J.","family":"Hampson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital University of Melbourne  East Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aaron","family":"Collins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital University of Melbourne  East Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christofer","family":"Bester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital University of Melbourne  East Melbourne Victoria 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