{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:25:48Z","timestamp":1790295948620,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693872000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL146401"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL146401"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) is a rare, recurrent, fibroinflammatory disease affecting the larynx and proximal trachea. Given it occurs primarily in adult females, estrogen is speculated to play a central pathophysiological role. This study aimed to evaluate relationships between estrogen exposure, disease progression, and recurrence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>North American Airway Collaborative (NoAAC) data of adults with iSGS obstructive airway lesions, who underwent index endoscopic airway dilation, were used to identify associations between estrogen exposure, disease characteristics, and time to recurrence (TTR), and interventions were analyzed using Kruskal\u2013Wallis test and Pearson coefficient. Cox proportional hazards regression models compared hazard ratios by estrogen exposure. Kaplan\u2013Meier curves were plotted for TTR based on menopausal status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In all, 533 females had complete estrogen data (33% premenopausal, 17% perimenopausal, 50% postmenopausal). Median estrogen exposure was 28\u2009years. Overall, there was no dose\u2013response relationship between estrogen exposure and disease recurrence. Premenopausal patients had significantly shorter time from symptom manifestation to diagnosis (1.17 vs. 1.42\u2009years perimenopausal vs. 2.08\u2009years postmenopausal, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), shorter time from diagnosis to index endoscopic airway dilation (1.90 vs. 2.50 vs. 3.76\u2009years, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005), and higher number of procedures (1.73 vs. 1.20 vs. 1.08 procedures, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We demonstrate premenopausal patients may have a more aggressive disease variant than their peri\u2010 and postmenopausal counterparts. However, it is unclear as to whether this is related to reduced estrogen in the peri\u2010 and postmenopausal states or the age\u2010related physiology of wound healing and inflammation, regardless of estrogen.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>3 <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 134:825\u2013830, 2024<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.31030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T12:48:29Z","timestamp":1693918109000},"page":"825-830","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Association between Estrogen Exposure and Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"134","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1043-8546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nainika","family":"Nanda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison  Madison Wisconsin U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li\u2010Ching","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheau\u2010Chiann","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynne D.","family":"Berry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6288-7255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward Ryan R.","family":"Talatala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Vanderbilt University  Nashville Tennessee U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4951-2627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evan","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Vanderbilt University  Nashville Tennessee U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenda","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Vanderbilt University  Nashville Tennessee U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0078-1305","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Gelbard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Vanderbilt University  Nashville Tennessee U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David O.","family":"Francis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison  Madison Wisconsin U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the North American Airway Collaborative","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25708"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1197-1209"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2017.06.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2015.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26931"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-007-0012-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2005.02362.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3083.2003.01269.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000072965"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2019.3022"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940811700201"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2018.2717"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2001.117432"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2019.1021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599818803584"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940111000403"}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.31030","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]],"date-time":"2024-01-22T06:09:14Z","timestamp":1705903754000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.31030"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.31030"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.31030","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-852X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-4995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-04-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-08-22","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-09-05","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}