{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T18:16:31Z","timestamp":1787508991481,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]],"date-time":"2023-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698883200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n Little is known about pharyngeal shortening (PShort) during swallowing. This observational study measured PShort during swallowing in healthy adults and compared it to patients with swallowing impairments of different aetiologies.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n 275 healthy volunteers (19\u201399\u2009years) and 75 dysphagic patients (25 with head and neck cancer, 25 with Parkinson's, 25 with stroke) underwent videofluoroscopy. A novel quantitative measure of PShort for 1, 3, and 20\u2009mL thin liquid barium and 3\u2009mL paste boli was determined and compared across age, sex, bolus type and patient cohort.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n PShort ranged from 1.05 to 4.41\u2009cm across bolus types with larger displacements for 20\u2009mL (M: 2.52\u2009cm) and paste (M: 2.43\u2009cm) compared with 1\u2009mL (M: 2.36\u2009cm) and 3\u2009mL (M: 2.41\u2009cm). PShort correlated with sex, height, and cohort but not age. Inter\u2010rater reliability for three raters was substantial (intraclass correlation\u2009>0.80).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n This novel fluoroscopic measure of PShort is reliable and demonstrates quantitative changes in vertical pharyngeal displacement in healthy and swallow\u2010impaired adults related to sex, size, and bolus type.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n \n 3\n Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>\n , 134:2121\u20132126, 2024\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.31149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]],"date-time":"2023-11-02T08:41:01Z","timestamp":1698914461000},"page":"2121-2126","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Novel Quantitative Measure of Pharyngeal Shortening"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"134","author":[{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Leonard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University California, Davis Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3260-5824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Miles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech Science The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lise","family":"Bakker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech Science The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2022_AJSLP-22-00199"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.226"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-013-9459-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","volume-title":"The Neuroscientific Principles of Swallowing and Dysphagia","author":"Miller AJ","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02493469"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-009-9258-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940811701210"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2020_PERSP-20-00087"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00417897"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004550010017"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","first-page":"1168","article-title":"Two methods for quantifying pharyngeal residue on fluoroscopic swallow studies: reliability assessment","volume":"4","author":"Leonard R","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Otolaryngol Rhinol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e31816b444d"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-018-9924-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.273"}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.31149","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]],"date-time":"2024-07-24T06:50:23Z","timestamp":1721803823000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.31149"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.31149"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.31149","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-852X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-4995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-08-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-10-17","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-11-02","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}