{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T04:01:36Z","timestamp":1789617696469,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,17]],"date-time":"2024-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705449600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,17]],"date-time":"2024-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705449600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Machine learning driven clinical decision support tools (ML\u2010CDST) are on the verge of being integrated into clinical settings, including in Otolaryngology\u2010Head &amp; Neck Surgery. In this study, we investigated whether such CDST may influence otolaryngologists' diagnostic judgement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Otolaryngologists were recruited virtually across the United States for this experiment on human\u2013AI interaction. Participants were shown 12 different video\u2010stroboscopic exams from patients with previously diagnosed laryngopharyngeal reflux or vocal fold paresis and asked to determine the presence of disease. They were then exposed to a random diagnosis purportedly resulting from an ML\u2010CDST and given the opportunity to revise their diagnosis. The ML\u2010CDST output was presented with no explanation, a general explanation, or a specific explanation of its logic. The ML\u2010CDST impact on diagnostic judgement was assessed with McNemar's test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Forty\u2010five participants were recruited. When participants reported less confidence (268 observations), they were significantly (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001) more likely to change their diagnostic judgement after exposure to ML\u2010CDST output compared to when they reported more confidence (238 observations). Participants were more likely to change their diagnostic judgement when presented with a specific explanation of the CDST logic (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.048).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study suggests that otolaryngologists are susceptible to accepting ML\u2010CDST diagnostic recommendations, especially when less confident. Otolaryngologists' trust in ML\u2010CDST output is increased when accompanied with a specific explanation of its logic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      2\n                      <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>\n                      , 134:2799\u20132804, 2024\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.31260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,17]],"date-time":"2024-01-17T08:59:41Z","timestamp":1705481981000},"page":"2799-2804","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Trust in Machine Learning Driven Clinical Decision Support Tools Among Otolaryngologists"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"134","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0646-3466","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sean Parker Institute for the Voice, Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Weill Cornell Medicine  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyue","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health Sciences Weill Cornell Medical College  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hal","family":"Rives","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sean Parker Institute for the Voice, Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Weill Cornell Medicine  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aisha","family":"Serpedin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sean Parker Institute for the Voice, Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Weill Cornell Medicine  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sean Parker Institute for the Voice, Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Weill Cornell Medicine  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1543-2634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana\u00efs","family":"Rameau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sean Parker Institute for the Voice, Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Weill Cornell Medicine  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.27850"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature21056"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.17216"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3544548.3581393"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-019-0155-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0307-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.27159"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.13068"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2018.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599819827507"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2004.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-021-00385-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.12914"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26570"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcph.474"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/15154"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","article-title":"Do humans trust advice more if it comes from AI? 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