{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:30:29Z","timestamp":1789691429091,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]],"date-time":"2024-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707350400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021A1515010338"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515010338"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022A1515012436"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022A1515012436"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82171123"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82171123"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Object<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic otitis media (COM) is an inflammatory disease that commonly presents with otorrhea and hearing loss. Bacteria\u2010induced inflammation can cause inner ear damage, leading to sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). This study aimed to compare the prevalence and severity of SNHL in patients with gram\u2010negative versus gram\u2010positive cultures and examine associations between the concentrations of circulating monocytes and neutrophils with bacteria species and SNHL.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a retrospective study. Cholesteatoma or chronic suppurative otitis media patients with otorrhea were enrolled. Middle ear secretions were collected using sterile swabs under an otoscope, and sent for bacterial detection within 30\u2009min. Pure tone audiometry and circulating leukocyte counts were recorded and analyzed in patients infected with different pathogens. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors associated with SNHL.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 137 patients were enrolled, including 45 patients infected with gram\u2010negative bacteria, 41 with gram\u2010positive bacteria, 20 with polymicrobial infection, and 31 with no bacterial growth. Logistic regression analysis showed that bacterial culture positive infections (OR\u2009=\u20097.265, 95% CI 2.219\u201323.786, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001) were an independent risk factor for SNHL. Patients with gram\u2010negative bacteria had higher risks of SNHL (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) and more severe hearing loss (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005) than those with gram\u2010positive bacteria. COM patients infected with gram\u2010negative bacteria showed an increase in circulating monocytes, which correlated with the occurrence of SNHL (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0343).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gram\u2010negative bacteria are associated with elevated circulating monocyte counts and have a higher risk of severe SNHL.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>4 <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 134:3335\u20133341, 2024<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.31322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T05:24:13Z","timestamp":1707456253000},"page":"3335-3341","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Gram\u2010negative Bacteria are Associated With Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Chronic Otitis Media"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"134","author":[{"given":"Jintao","family":"Lou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat\u2010sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Institute of Hearing and Speech\u2010Language Science Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wuhui","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat\u2010sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Institute of Hearing and Speech\u2010Language Science Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bozhen","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat\u2010sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Institute of Hearing and Speech\u2010Language Science Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat\u2010sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Institute of Hearing and Speech\u2010Language Science Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat\u2010sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Institute of Hearing and Speech\u2010Language Science Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingman","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat\u2010sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Institute of Hearing and Speech\u2010Language Science Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8021-8055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat\u2010sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Institute of Hearing and Speech\u2010Language Science Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9624-9668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhigang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat\u2010sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Institute of Hearing and Speech\u2010Language Science Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8925-7263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Si","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat\u2010sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Institute of Hearing and Speech\u2010Language Science Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1040841X.2019.1660616"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0036226"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10529-020-02880-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e31823dbc70"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.37.3.3942"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3342\/ceo.2014.7.2.79"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-012-2031-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12070-023-03759-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2019.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0145561319877763"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2020.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1997.tb51883.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016480410022534"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep16683"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000002447"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10162-014-0476-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0122572"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.746428"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2021.102900"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.21.285643"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2014.01.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489.2013.814154"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-22-2606"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1808-8694(15)30128-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-4950-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0145561320923823"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-022-02585-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5520(05)70082-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/viru.27024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1103182"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.21625"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.965196"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep42079"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.29610"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2022.104184"}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.31322","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]],"date-time":"2024-06-17T10:00:43Z","timestamp":1718618443000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.31322"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.31322"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.31322","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-852X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-4995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-07-31","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-01-19","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-02-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}