{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T13:12:28Z","timestamp":1788613948637,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,27]],"date-time":"2024-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,27]],"date-time":"2024-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714176000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Unilateral vocal fold immobility (VFI) is a known cause of morbidity amongst children following congenital heart surgery. Injection medialization (IM) provides medial distraction and improves glottic closure. Limited objective data is available for the effect of IM in young children (&lt;2\u2009years\u2010old) with VFI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective case series of infants &lt;2 who underwent IM for VFI after congenital cardiac surgery. Primary outcome was objective reduced risk of aspiration based on Dysphagia and Outcome Severity Scores (DOSS) on Video swallow study (VFSS) performed prior to and within 4\u2009weeks following IM. Secondary analysis included perioperative complications and number of children who were able to avoid NG or G tube placement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      17 children &lt;2\u2009years of age had unilateral VFI after congenital cardiac surgery and underwent IM. The median age at time of initial cardiac surgery was 6\u2009days (IQR 3\u20137). There was no intraoperative or postoperative stridor or associated complications. All 17 patients had preoperative aspiration noted on VFSS. Average swallowing outcomes on VFSS improved after IM with an increase in DOSS score (preop score 3 (IQR 2\u20134) to postop score 6.5 (IQR 5\u20137) [\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001]). At 2\u2009months following IM, of the patients who had improvement in swallowing function, 50% (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20096) were able to feed completely orally, 25% (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20093) were fed orally with an NG wean, and 3 (25%) had a G tube placed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Initial results suggest that IM is safe and improves early objective swallowing outcomes in children &lt;2\u2009years old with VFI after congenital cardiac surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      4\n                      <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>\n                      , 134:4396\u20134401, 2024\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.31462","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,27]],"date-time":"2024-04-27T04:44:12Z","timestamp":1714193052000},"page":"4396-4401","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Injection Medialization in Infants with Vocal Fold Immobility Improves Dysphagia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"134","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7140-6671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer M","family":"Siu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery The Hospital for Sick Children  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaunak N.","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology\u2010Head &amp; Neck Surgery Seattle Children's Hospital  Seattle Washington U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Colyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Seattle Children's Hospital  Seattle Washington U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cassie","family":"Horner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Seattle Children's Hospital  Seattle Washington U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aarti","family":"Bhat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Seattle Children's Hospital  Seattle Washington U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lyubomyr","family":"Bohuta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiac Surgery Seattle Children's Hospital  Seattle Washington U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Titus","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Seattle Children's Hospital  Seattle Washington U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2728-3576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John P.","family":"Dahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology\u2010Head &amp; Neck Surgery Seattle Children's Hospital  Seattle Washington U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Fridgen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Physical Therapy Seattle Children's Hospital  Seattle Washington U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2961-6058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaalan","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology\u2010Head &amp; Neck Surgery Seattle Children's Hospital  Seattle Washington U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caitlin","family":"Yip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Seattle Children's Hospital  Seattle Washington U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjay R.","family":"Parikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology\u2010Head &amp; Neck Surgery Seattle Children's Hospital  Seattle Washington U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JTCVS.2018.12.117"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.IJPORL.2018.11.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599818813002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.IJPORL.2023.111542"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/LARY.27436"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599815601393"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00009595"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.IJPORL.2016.02.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/J.JVCA.2021.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/21501351211015922"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25739"}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.31462","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/lary.31462","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.31462","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T12:29:18Z","timestamp":1788611358000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.31462"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,27]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.31462"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.31462","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-852X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-4995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-11-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-04-10","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-04-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}