{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T01:29:06Z","timestamp":1792114146724,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716336000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The pathophysiology of cholesteatoma is not precisely understood, and research on the associated microRNAs (miRNAs) is also deficient. We demonstrated the expression of miRNA in normal skin and middle ear cholesteatoma by next\u2010generation sequencing (NGS) technology. The profiles of miRNA and relevant molecular interaction pathways were investigated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Case\u2013control experimental study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Middle ear cholesteatoma and post\u2010auricular skin tissue specimens were collected from 13 adult patients. Total RNA was extracted, and miRNA expression profiles were analyzed by NGS technology. Functional gene classification to predict target genes and relevant biological pathways was performed using DIANA\u2010microT\u2010CDS and the Kyoto Encyclopedia Gene and Genome database (KEGG) pathways.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The expression of 2588 miRNAs from middle ear cholesteatoma and skin tissue samples was analyzed. The expression of 76 upregulated and 128 downregulated miRNAs was identified in the cholesteatoma samples compared to normal skin (FC \u22652 and\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Ninety\u2010nine differentially expressed miRNAs (FC \u22654 and\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) were used to explore the biological pathways involved in the etiopathogenesis of cholesteatoma. The most predicted pathway in cholesteatoma in the upregulated miRNA group was the ErbB signaling pathway and it was extracellular matrix (ECM)\u2013receptor interaction in the downregulated miRNA group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was the first study investigating small miRNAs in human acquired cholesteatoma using NGS technique. We were able to identify new miRNAs and pathways related to cholesteatoma. The results of this study are expected to be helpful in revealing new pathophysiologies of cholesteatoma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      N\/A\n                      <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>\n                      , 134:4374\u20134382, 2024\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.31507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T06:21:42Z","timestamp":1716358902000},"page":"4374-4382","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Next\u2010generation Sequencing of MicroRNA in Acquired Middle Ear Cholesteatoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"134","author":[{"given":"Sung Jun","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2010Head &amp; Neck Surgery Hallym University College of Medicine  Hwaseong Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung Kyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2010Head &amp; Neck Surgery Hallym University College of Medicine  Hwaseong Korea"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head &amp; Neck Surgery, Kresge Hearing Research Institute University of Michigan Medical School  Ann Arbor Michigan U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0582-9833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seok Min","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Kyung Hee University School of Medicine  Seoul 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