{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T14:37:16Z","timestamp":1787236636064,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]],"date-time":"2024-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"\n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n Retrograde Cricopharyngeal Dysfunction (RCPD) is treated by botulinum toxin (BTX) injection into the cricopharyngeus. This prospective study compares the effectiveness and side effects of operating room (OR) and in\u2010office (IO) injections.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Patients over 18\u2009years of age with inability to burp, abdominal, thoracic, or cervical gurgling sounds, bloating, and excessive flatulence were diagnosed with RCPD and included in the study. Injections were performed in the OR (80U) or IO (30U) by the senior author. An RCPD questionnaire quantifying major and minor symptoms on a Likert scale, Eating Assessment Tool\u201010 (EAT\u201010), and Generalized Anxiety Score\u22127 (GAD\u20107), were completed preinjection; at 1, 2, and 3\u2009weeks; and 3\u2009months postoperatively. Linear mixed models were used to analyze effects of BTX injection on RCPD symptoms, the EAT\u201010, and the GAD\u20107.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n 108 (55\u2009M\/53F) patients completed the pretreatment survey, 53 (31 OR vs. 22 IO) completed the 3\u2010week follow\u2010up, and 36 (22 OR vs. 14 IO) completed the 3\u2010month questionnaire. Average posttreatment RCPD scores were significantly lower in both groups at 3\u2009weeks and 3\u2009months (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.0001), There was no difference between IO or OR (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.4924). GAD\u20107 scores were significantly lower in both groups at week 3 (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.0018) and month 3 (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.0012). Postinjection EAT\u201010 scores were significantly higher in OR compared with IO (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.0379).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n OR and IO injections are equally effective in the treatment of RCPD. Postinjection dysphagia is more severe after the OR injections which may be related to higher doses of BTX used. General anxiety levels decrease with treatment.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n \n 2\n Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>\n , 134:4614\u20134619, 2024\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.31591","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]],"date-time":"2024-06-19T05:39:00Z","timestamp":1718775540000},"page":"4614-4619","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Botulinum Toxin Injection for Retrograde Cricopharyngeal Dysfunction: A Prospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"134","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4983-3666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Can","family":"Doruk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Voice and Swallowing, Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head & Neck Surgery Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York New York U.S.A."},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head & Neck Surgery Istanbul Demiroglu Bilim University Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0867-7561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evan L.","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Voice and Swallowing, Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head & Neck Surgery Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York New York U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6974-7290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Courtney","family":"Tipton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Voice and Swallowing, Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head & Neck Surgery Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York New York U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yassmeen","family":"Abdel\u2010Aty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Voice and Swallowing, Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head & Neck Surgery Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York New York U.S.A."},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head & Neck Surgery University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine Tampa Florida U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6637-4302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael J.","family":"Pitman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Voice and Swallowing, Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head & Neck Surgery Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York New York U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(87)90445-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2473974X19834553"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.31157"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2473974X20938342"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.30346"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-021-06790-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.30871"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2473974X21989587"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2019.103208"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940811701210"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2022.111261"}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.31591","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T04:39:37Z","timestamp":1750653577000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.31591"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.31591"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.31591","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-852X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-4995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-04-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication 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