{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T09:56:47Z","timestamp":1792144607241,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,9]],"date-time":"2024-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000055","name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DC020179"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DC020179"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Systemic dehydration may induce osmotic and oxidative stress in the vocal folds, but our knowledge of the biology and mitigation with rehydration is limited. The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate whether systemic dehydration induces vocal fold oxidative and osmotic stress and to compare the impact of rehydration by water intake versus electrolyte intake on osmotic and oxidative stress\u2010related gene expression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Four\u2010month\u2010old male Sprague\u2013Dawley rats (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200932) underwent water restriction. Rehydration was achieved with <jats:italic>ad libitum<\/jats:italic> access to water or electrolytes for 24\u2009hours. Rats were divided into four groups: euhydration control, dehydration\u2010only, dehydration followed by either water or electrolyte rehydration (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098\/group). Gene expression was assessed via RT2 Gene Expression Profiler arrays.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>With respect to oxidative stress, 10 genes were upregulated and 2 were downregulated after vocal fold dehydration compared with the euhydrated control. Concerning osmotic stress, six genes were upregulated with dehydration only, six genes were upregulated following rehydration with water, whereas a single gene was upregulated with electrolyte rehydration. All genes with significantly different expression between the rehydration groups showed lower expression with electrolytes compared with water.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results support a potential role of oxidative and osmotic stresses in vocal folds related to systemic dehydration. The differences in stress\u2010related gene expression in vocal fold tissue between rehydration with electrolytes or water, albeit modest, suggest that both rehydration options offer clinical utility to subjects experiencing vocal fold dehydration with preliminary evidence that electrolytes may be more effective than water in resolving osmotic stress.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>NA (prospective animal study) <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 134:4636\u20134641, 2024<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.31631","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,9]],"date-time":"2024-07-09T12:26:40Z","timestamp":1720528000000},"page":"4636-4641","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Water Versus Electrolyte Rehydration on Vocal Fold Osmotic and Oxidative Stress Gene Expression"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"134","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1320-1659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taylor W.","family":"Bailey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences Purdue University  West Lafayette Indiana U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4341-9701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anumitha","family":"Venkatraman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison  Madison Wisconsin U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naila","family":"Cannes do Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences Purdue University  West Lafayette Indiana U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2262-8168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abigail","family":"Cox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comparative Pathobiology Purdue University  West Lafayette Indiana U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0987-5076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. 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