{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T20:15:32Z","timestamp":1788552932933,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722988800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015326","name":"Common Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U24 DC020851\u201001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U24 DC020851\u201001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015326","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004410","name":"T\u00fcrkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurumu","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004410","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Obliteration of the round window (RW) in cases of otosclerosis presents a significant clinical challenge due to its association with more severe hearing loss and a poorer prognosis for functional recovery after stapes surgery. The objective is to assess and characterize the occurrence of RW involvement in otosclerosis cases and to identify patterns of disease progression that may indicate a potential for RW obliteration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We selected archival temporal bones from donors with otosclerosis. We evaluated the degree of RW obliteration using a semi\u2010quantitative scale and the location of the foci within the temporal bone, and whether the foci were continuous or isolated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Most of the foci were located anteriorly to the oval window (89.2%), while RW area involvement was seen in 26.9% of the ears. In cases with fenestral foci, 68.1% directly involved and\/or fixed the footplate. Among donors with bilateral otosclerosis, foci affected both ears in a similar pattern in 64.2%. Among donors with RW involvement, ones with continuous, large lesions that extended from the oval window associated with complete RW obliteration, while ones with smaller degrees of obliteration had solitary foci scattered within the otic capsule.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results demonstrate a high rate of RW involvement in cases of otosclerosis. Ears with continuous lesions extending from the oval window region to the RW area were more likely to present with complete RW obliteration. These results provide insights that could lead to better prognostic assessment of patients with otosclerosis in the future.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>N\/A <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 2024<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.31680","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T12:22:30Z","timestamp":1723033350000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Histopathological Patterns of Otosclerosis Progression: Exploring Otic Capsule and Round Window Involvement"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1164-6977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomotaka","family":"Shimura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head &amp; Neck Surgery University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota U.S.A."},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital  Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6287-1157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nevra","family":"Keskin Yilmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head &amp; Neck Surgery University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota U.S.A."},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ankara University  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1431-3855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artur","family":"Koerig Schuster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head &amp; Neck Surgery University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota U.S.A."},{"name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Postgraduate Program in Medicine: Surgical Sciences  Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grace","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head &amp; Neck Surgery University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emre Abdullah","family":"Cureoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head &amp; Neck Surgery University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sei","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital  Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dilshan","family":"Rajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head &amp; Neck Surgery University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9124-593X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"da Costa Monsanto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head &amp; Neck Surgery University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"Otosclerosis 2022 National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"Otosclerosis 2024 American Hearing Research Foundation"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"246","article-title":"Histologic otosclerosis","volume":"53","author":"Guild SR","year":"1944","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhino Laryng"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00129492-200109000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000000982"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198701000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203450413_OTOSCLEROSIS"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198511000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019459989110500308"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e318277a1f7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e3181c2a084"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e3182096e80"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000000692"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1715149"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-024-08585-1"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1177\/014556130908800411","article-title":"Post\u2010stapedectomy cochlear otosclerosis","volume":"88","author":"Linthicum F","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ear Nose Throat J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000000769"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.174.2.1740387"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2017.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2273.1981.tb01785.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100046533"}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.31680","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T12:22:37Z","timestamp":1723033357000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.31680"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]]},"references-count":21,"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.31680"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.31680","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-852X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-4995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-05-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-07-25","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-07","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"lary.31680"}}