{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:48:56Z","timestamp":1786978136821,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]],"date-time":"2024-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n Little is known about age\u2010related variations in sites and grade of sleep\u2010dependent airway obstruction in children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) or obstructive sleep\u2010disordered breathing (oSDB). The objective was to compare sites and grade of obstruction on drug\u2010induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) across different age groups of surgically na\u00efve children with OSA or oSDB.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n A retrospective chart review was performed for surgically na\u00efve children aged 0\u201318\u2009years with OSA\/oSDB who underwent DISE from July 2021 to August 2023. Participants were categorized into: infants (aged 0\u20131\u2009years), younger toddlers (aged 1\u20132\u2009years), older toddlers (aged 2\u20133\u2009years), preschool (aged 3\u20135\u2009years), younger school\u2010aged (aged 5\u201310\u2009years), and older school\u2010aged (aged 10\u201318\u2009years). On DISE, obstruction was rated 0\u2009=\u2009none\/mild, 1\u2009=\u2009moderate, 2\u2009=\u2009severe for inferior turbinates, adenoid, velum, palatine tonsils\/lateral pharyngeal wall, lingual tonsils, tongue base, epiglottis, and supra\u2010arytenoid tissue. A series of multiple regression analyses were used to identify age differences in the grade of obstruction across all sites combined and at each individual site separately.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The sample consisted of 252 children aged 1\u2009month to 17\u2009years with 57.9% males. Older patients had greater total obstruction scores (B\u2009=\u20090.42, SE\u2009=\u20090.10,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.01) and greater number of sites that were severely obstructed (B\u2009=\u20090.11, SE\u2009=\u20090.05,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.03). Older age groups had more obstruction at inferior turbinates (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.02), adenoid (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.01), palatine tonsils\/lateral pharyngeal wall (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.01), lingual tonsil (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.01), and base of tongue (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.01). Younger age groups had more obstruction at the supra\u2010arytenoid tissue (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.01).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Varying patterns of sleep\u2010dependent airway obstruction should be expected across different age groups in children with OSA or oSDB.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n \n 3\n Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>\n , 135:463\u2013468, 2025\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.31692","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]],"date-time":"2024-08-13T06:09:47Z","timestamp":1723529387000},"page":"463-468","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Age\u2010related Variation in Sleep\u2010dependent Obstruction in Surgically Naive Children"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"135","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3938-7735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erica","family":"McArdle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery West Virginia University School of Medicine Morgantown West Virginia U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6259-9491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Dewey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery West Virginia University School of Medicine Morgantown West Virginia U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruifeng","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery West Virginia University School of Medicine Morgantown West Virginia U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Connor","family":"Hunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West Virginia University School of Medicine Morgantown West Virginia U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amani","family":"Kais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery West Virginia University School of Medicine Morgantown West Virginia U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hussein","family":"Jaffal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery West Virginia University School of Medicine Morgantown West Virginia U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599818807917"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599820985000"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2022.5187"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2019.103208"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1389-9457(99)00009-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1215881"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/jijporl.2018.02.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25979"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200912-1930OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348941011900802"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e318123ee56"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2006.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40463-017-0190-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-017-1581-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2012.02.028"}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.31692","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T00:54:56Z","timestamp":1733964896000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.31692"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.31692"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.31692","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-852X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-4995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-03-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-07-26","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-13","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}