{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T16:21:45Z","timestamp":1777998105979,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]],"date-time":"2024-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000055","name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIDCD T32 DC009401"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIDCD T32 DC009401"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To characterize incidence of mandibular anomalies (MAs) and compare gestational age, airway interventions, and complications among individuals with MA phenotypes (isolated retrognathia, isolated micrognathia, syndromic micrognathia, micrognathia plus cleft palate\/cleft lip and palate, agnathia\/micrognathia plus cervical auricle\/otocephaly, and agnathia\/micrognathia plus microstomia) and unaffected individuals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Kids' Inpatient Database was used to collect data over a 20\u2010year period beginning in 2000. Interventions were classified as perinatal when performed on day of life (DOL) 0 or 1 and subsequent when performed during the birth hospitalization after DOL 1. Hypoxic complications included cardiac arrest, birth asphyxia, hypoxic\u2013ischemic encephalopathy, anoxic brain damage, intraventricular hemorrhage or cerebral infarction. Descriptive statistics are reported, and the Rao\u2010Scott chi\u2010square test compared groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>MAs affected 119 per 100,000 birth visits. Preterm delivery was more frequent for all MA phenotypes. Individuals with MA phenotypes are more likely to require medical attention (airway intervention on DOL 0 or 1 OR no airway intervention received but patient sustained hypoxic complication\/mortality): 16.2%\u201370.7% vs. 3.8%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01. Despite receipt of airway interventions at a higher rate, collectively individuals with MAs who received an airway intervention on DOL 0 or 1 have a mildly elevated risk of hypoxic complication or mortality (32.4% vs. 26.4%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Preterm birth is more common, however, does not account for the elevated rate of airway intervention. Individuals with MAs require higher rates of medical attention, and current airway management paradigms are insufficient to prevent complications and mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>III <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 135:S1\u2013S12, 2025<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.31699","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]],"date-time":"2024-08-14T09:46:07Z","timestamp":1723628767000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Perinatal Airway Management Mandibular Anomalies: A National Inpatient Cohort Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"135","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1612-5786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael D.","family":"Puricelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison School of Medicine and Public Health  Madison Wisconsin U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samantha J.","family":"Barr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison School of Medicine and Public Health  Madison Wisconsin U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johanna L.","family":"Ellefson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison School of Medicine and Public Health  Madison Wisconsin U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maya N.","family":"Matabele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison School of Medicine and Public Health  Madison Wisconsin U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elle C.","family":"Nuttall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison School of Medicine and Public Health  Madison Wisconsin 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