{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T23:59:03Z","timestamp":1790380743274,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733702400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n Age\u2010related vocal atrophy (ARVA) causes vocal fold bowing, impacting communication and quality of life. The assessment of vocal fold bowing is largely subjective. Glottal Image Capture (GlottIC) is a new mobile application that helps quantify vocal fold bowing. We aim through this study to assess its reliability, compare it to manual calculation method, and compare differences between visual\u2010perceptual bowing severity ratings.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Ten raters independently quantified Bowing Index (BI) using GlottIC from 10 videostroboscopic images among individuals with ARVA. There was 100% duplication of images to facilitate intra\u2010rater reliability analyses using Pearson's correlation. Inter\u2010rater reliability was quantified using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) for experienced and novice raters. The correlation between manual calculations using ImageJ and GlottIC was analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The intra\u2010rater reliability for total BI was strong (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.822,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001). The inter\u2010rater reliability for BI, calculated using ICC, was (ICC\u2009=\u20090.720; 95% CI: 0.579\u20130.852), indicating good consistency among the raters. Experts had higher ICC (ICC\u2009=\u20090.808; 95% CI: 0.678\u20130.906) compared to novice raters (ICC\u2009=\u20090.651; 95% CI: 0.468\u20130.816). There was a positive correlation between GlottIC and manual BI (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.811,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001). As the BI increased, the bowing severity, based on visual\u2010perceptual ratings, also increased (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n GlottIC is a reliable mobile application that can quantify vocal fold bowing in patients with ARVA with high intra\u2010 and inter\u2010rater reliability. GlottIC BI measurments are highly correlated with manual BI and visual\u2010perceptual ratings of bowing severity. Further improvements in reliability may be achieved with more robust rater training and automated technologies.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n \n 3\n Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>\n , 135:1732\u20131736, 2025\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.31942","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T07:05:16Z","timestamp":1733727916000},"page":"1732-1736","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Inter\u2010rater and Intra\u2010rater Reliability of Glottal Image Capture: A Mobile Application to Quantify Vocal Fold Bowing"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"135","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2747-5009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed","family":"Aboueisha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Laryngology, Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle Washington U.S.A."},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Faculty of Medicine Suez Canal University Ismailia Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zaroug","family":"Jaleel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Laryngology, Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle Washington U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4080-5597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hans C.","family":"Baertsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2010 Head and Neck Surgery University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cara","family":"Sauder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences University of Washington Seattle Washington U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert L.","family":"Merati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Laryngology, Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle Washington U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael M.","family":"Johns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Caruso Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles California U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8933-5477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neel K.","family":"Bhatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Laryngology, Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle Washington 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