{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T05:34:15Z","timestamp":1763098455163,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,29]],"date-time":"2025-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743206400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To analyze a first\u2010century Roman account of surgery for ozena\u2014a tetrad of nasal crusting, ulceration, bony involvement, and foul odor\u2014with a focus on historical context, etymology, and surgical management.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Sources<\/jats:title>\n \n This historical review draws from the authors' translation of\n De Medicina<\/jats:italic>\n . Primary sources detailing Roman surgical instruments from the\n House of the Surgeon<\/jats:italic>\n in Pompeii, as well as secondary sources of surgical techniques, were utilized.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Review Methods<\/jats:title>\n An in\u2010depth review of Celsus' descriptions of surgical techniques for ozena was conducted using independent translation and exegetical analysis of primary sources. Archaeological findings were investigated to correlate surgical tools with the interventions described.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Proto\u2010Indo\u2010European and Classical interpretations of ozena revealed a unifying feature of malodor and a simultaneous relationship to nasal ulceration and suppurative lesions. Celsus detailed two procedures for ozena: closed cauterization using a heated probe and an open technique involving dissection, direct cauterization, and structural repair. These align with ancient Roman understanding of wound care and caustic applications. Three surgical instruments were identified for these procedures based on archaeological finds from the\n House of the Surgeon<\/jats:italic>\n in Pompeii and other collections.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Celsus' ancient structural interventions for ozena demonstrate an advanced understanding of anatomy and a mastery of instrumentation. This study underscores the importance of the historical contextualization of ancient medical practices, providing a foundation for the treatments of nasal pathology still in use today.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Levels of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n Not applicable.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.32096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,29]],"date-time":"2025-03-29T06:12:43Z","timestamp":1743228763000},"page":"2249-2254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["An Account of Roman Surgical Treatments for Ozena: Historical Review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"135","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5698-6409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Perry","family":"Hammond","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Resident Physician, Eastern Virginia Medical School at Old Dominion University Norfolk Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca R.","family":"Benefiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Classics Washington and Lee University Lexington Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kent","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Eastern Virginia Medical School at Old Dominion University Norfolk Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,29]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"De Medicina","year":"1938","author":"Aulus Cornelius Celsus","key":"e_1_2_7_2_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"416","volume-title":"Bailey's Head and Neck Surgery","author":"Chan\u2010Leveno T.","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196\u20100709(96)90000\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.8.4.413\u2010418.1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008280.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0b013e328342333e"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01118.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s002221510008974x"},{"volume-title":"Roman Surgical Instruments and Other Minor Objects in the National Archaeological Museum of Naples","year":"1994","author":"Bliquez L. J.","key":"e_1_2_7_10_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26247"},{"volume-title":"History of the Peloponnesian War","year":"1919","author":"Thucydides","key":"e_1_2_7_12_1"},{"volume-title":"Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the Other Italic Languages","year":"2008","author":"Vaan M.","key":"e_1_2_7_13_1"},{"volume-title":"Method of Medicine","year":"2011","author":"Galen","key":"e_1_2_7_14_1"},{"volume-title":"Natural History","year":"1940","author":"Gaius Plinius Secundus","key":"e_1_2_7_15_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicines4040092"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsc.2019.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otot.2020.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/19458924221105933"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/21526575221096045"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102396"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/19458924211033400"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537\u2010196903000\u201000010"},{"volume-title":"Surgical Instruments in Greek and Roman Times","year":"1907","author":"Milne J. S.","key":"e_1_2_7_24_1"},{"volume-title":"The Seven Books of Paulus Aegineta: Translated from the Greek","year":"1844","author":"Aegineta P.","key":"e_1_2_7_25_1"}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.32096","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T05:31:47Z","timestamp":1763098307000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.32096"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,29]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.32096"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.32096","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0023-852X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1531-4995"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-10-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-04","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-29","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}