{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:22:08Z","timestamp":1787163728100,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744761600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010834","name":"American Laryngological Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1082"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1082"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010834","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010564","name":"Academic Medical Organization of Southwestern Ontario","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INN21\u2010016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INN21\u2010016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serial intralesional steroid injections (ILSIs) have been suggested to be an effective adjunct treatment for idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) by maintaining airway patency and extending inter\u2010surgical intervals. However, evidence for the effectiveness of serial ILSIs remains inconclusive. The current study aimed to assess whether ILSIs reduce the risk of subsequent surgical dilation (i.e., recurrence) in a cohort of patients with iSGS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospectively collected clinical data for 75 female iSGS patients with 1\u20134\u2009years of follow\u2010up were analyzed. To assess the effect of ILSI use on the risk of recurrence, we assessed both the time\u2010to\u2010first recurrence using a standard Cox proportional hazards model and all recurrences per patient using a recurrent\u2010events model. Overall, there were 36 patients who had received ILSIs at any point in the follow\u2010up period and 39 patients who had not.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      ILSI use was associated with a significantly reduced risk of recurrence in both time\u2010to\u2010first event (hazard ratio (HR)\u2009=\u20090.20, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.08\u20130.49) and recurrent events (HR\u2009=\u20090.44, 95% CI 0.26\u20130.75) multivariate Cox proportional hazard models, along with older age at diagnosis and longer time since diagnosis (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). In the time\u2010to\u2010first event analysis, the median time to recurrence among those who had received ILSIs was 2.5\u2009years compared to 1.4\u2009years among those who had not. The number needed to treat with ILSIs to avoid one recurrence by 2\u2009years follow\u2010up was two.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serial ILSIs were associated with reduced risk of recurrence, along with older age at diagnosis and longer time since diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>3 (non\u2010randomized controlled cohort\/follow\u2010up study).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.32179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T08:43:45Z","timestamp":1748335425000},"page":"3265-3272","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effect of Serial Intralesional Steroid Injections on Risk of Recurrence in Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"135","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3094-3129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shengjie","family":"Ying","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head &amp; Neck Surgery Western University  London Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter Y. F.","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head &amp; Neck Surgery Western University  London Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Fung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head &amp; Neck Surgery Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Halema","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head &amp; Neck Surgery Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Cecchini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"MacInnis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head &amp; Neck Surgery Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Unity Health Toronto\u2010St. Michael's Hospital  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7080-9567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head &amp; Neck Surgery Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Unity Health Toronto\u2010St. Michael's Hospital  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir H.","family":"Karimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head &amp; Neck Surgery Western University  London Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MohdWessam","family":"Al Jawhri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head &amp; Neck Surgery Western University  London Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harrison","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head &amp; Neck Surgery Western University  London Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nhi","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head &amp; Neck Surgery Western University  London Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krista","family":"Joris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head &amp; Neck Surgery Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joe S.","family":"Mymryk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head &amp; Neck Surgery Western University  London Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Oncology Western University  London Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Dumeaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology Western University  London Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Anatomy &amp; Cell Biology Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John W.","family":"Barrett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head &amp; Neck Surgery Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony C.","family":"Nichols","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head &amp; Neck Surgery Western University  London Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Western University  London Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Oncology Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1064-5868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R. 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