{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T12:23:42Z","timestamp":1785155022280,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745366400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81860182"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81860182"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81460096"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81460096"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82360219"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82360219"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Few studies have compared the effectiveness of olfactory training (OT) and glucocorticoids (GC) in the phenotype of chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) with olfactory dysfunction (OD). To evaluate the effects of GC and OT on OD in patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (ECRSwNP) and non\u2010eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (NonECRSwNP).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>After 2\u2009weeks of endoscopic sinus surgery, patients with a composite threshold discrimination identification score (TDIS) of less than 30.5 were randomly assigned to receive GC (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200938), OT (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200936), or both (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200934). Retrospective phenotypic stratification of CRSwNP patients was performed based on whether eosinophils in the tissue exceeded 10% (ECRSwNP and NonECRSwNP). Follow\u2010up assessments were conducted at 1, 3, and 6\u2009months postintervention. Evaluations included TDIS, the 22\u2010item Sino\u2010Nasal outcome test (SNOT\u201022), Lund\u2013Kennedy endoscopic scores (LKES), and the frequency of olfactory fluctuations (OF).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>SNOT\u201022 and LKES improved significantly over time. At 1\u2009month, TDIS change was higher in the GCwOT group than in the GC or OT groups. By 6\u2009months, GCwOT remained superior to GC but not to OT. Follow\u2010up showed no difference between GC and OT. In ECRSwNP patients, GCwOT showed greater TDIS changes at 3 and 6\u2009months versus GC, with lower OF incidence (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0125). In NonECRSwNP, GCwOT outperformed OT only at 1\u2009month.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>GC combined with OT can reduce OF in patients with ECRSwNP and consistently enhance olfactory function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>2.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n<jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold> ChiCTR2100049551<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.32203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T08:20:19Z","timestamp":1745396419000},"page":"3824-3832","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Chronic Sinusitis With Nasal Polyps and Olfactory Dysfunction: Comparing Olfactory Training and Glucocorticoid Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"135","author":[{"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University  Nanchang Jiangxi China"},{"name":"Jiangxi Medicine Academy of Nutrition and Health Management  Nanchang Jiangxi China"},{"name":"Department of Allergy The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University  Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1306-0323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junhao","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University  Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Binxiang","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University  Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yishan","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University  Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yizhen","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University  Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meiping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University  Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University  Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6889-7077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University  Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ningwu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University  Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University  Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1737-4573","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University  Nanchang Jiangxi China"},{"name":"Jiangxi Medicine Academy of Nutrition and Health Management  Nanchang Jiangxi China"},{"name":"Department of Allergy The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University  Nanchang Jiangxi China"},{"name":"Institute of Jiangxi Otorhinolaryngology Head &amp; 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