{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T16:01:30Z","timestamp":1771084890924,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749600000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010836","name":"American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010836","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23AG057832"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23AG057832"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate whether the interaction between multigenerational homes and hearing loss (HL) is associated with improved cognitive and depression outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a cross\u2010sectional, epidemiologic study. Data was analyzed from the 2011\u20132012 cycle of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for participants 18\u201380\u2009years old with audiometric data. HL was measured with the four\u2010frequency pure tone average in the better ear. Multigenerational homes have three or more generations or a skipped generation (i.e., &lt;\u200918 and 60+). Cognition was measured with the Digital Symbol Substitution Score. Depression was measured with the PHQ\u20109, both as a continuous score and a clinically significant binary variable. Multivariable regressions controlled for age, gender, and cardiovascular risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Six hundred and seventy three individuals had complete data. The mean age was 63.8\u2009years (SD\u2009=\u20092.80\u2009years) and mean HL was 18.4\u2009dB (SD\u2009=\u200911.0\u2009dB). One hundred and eight subjects lived in a multigenerational home. Among those in non\u2010multigenerational homes: for every 10\u2009dB worsening of hearing, the cognitive score was 1.90 points lower (worse cognitive performance). For those in multigenerational homes: for every 10\u2009dB worsening of hearing, the cognitive score was 1.98 points higher (better cognitive performance). There was no statistical significance of the interaction between HL and multigenerational homes on depression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HL was associated with worse cognition among those in non\u2010multigenerational homes. However, among those in multigenerational homes, HL was associated with better cognition. Future research is needed to investigate the opposite relationship between HL and cognition among those in vs. not in multigenerational homes.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:bold>\n                      3.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.32312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T08:19:28Z","timestamp":1749629968000},"page":"4341-4347","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Interaction of Multigenerational Home Environments With Hearing Loss, Cognition, and Depression"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"135","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3247-6515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lauren H.","family":"Tucker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, NewYork\u2010Presbyterian\/Columbia University Irving Medical Center  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8409-4654","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah N. W.","family":"Weinstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, NewYork\u2010Presbyterian\/Columbia University Irving Medical Center  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0631-5997","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael W.","family":"Denham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maeher R.","family":"Grewal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of Utah Health  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2432-5291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justin S.","family":"Golub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, NewYork\u2010Presbyterian\/Columbia University Irving Medical Center  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","volume-title":"Quick Statistics About Hearing, Balance, & Dizziness","author":"NIH","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2021.3767"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ohn.599"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2018.0643"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2011.728"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41999\u2010021\u201000505\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1989.03420130084028"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2024.105584"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2017.2513"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2010.362"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.695117"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glab263"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.28859"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.14848"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glz119"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2019.3375"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2024.2345790"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glaa242"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2019.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2018.3270"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2017.17040423"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnz009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140\u20106736(24)01296\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140\u20106736(17)31363\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140\u20106736(20)30367\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140\u20106736(23)01406\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/wad.0000000000000325"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/cia.s108974"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/mao.0000000000003656"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.5729"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","first-page":"e33","article-title":"Associations Between Sensory Loss and Social Networks, Participation, Support, and Loneliness: Analysis of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging","volume":"64","author":"Mick P.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Canadian Family Physician"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599820910377"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","volume-title":"Financial Issues Top the List of Reasons U.S. Adults Live in Multigenerational Homes","author":"D'Vera Cohn J. M. H.","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","volume-title":"Multigenerational Households: 2009\u20132011","author":"Lofquist D. A.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","volume-title":"In 2020, 7.2% of U.S. Family Households Were Multigenerational","author":"Chanell Washington T. G.","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","volume-title":"Young Adults in U.S. Are Much More Likely Than 50\u2009Years Ago to Be Living in a Multigenerational Household","author":"Fry R.","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","volume-title":"National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)","author":"Statistics NCfH","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525\u20101497.2001.016009606.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.18.1737"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.1139"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l1781"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.65"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010023\u201028599\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e27041"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/gtmb.2023.0747"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2021.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/deafed\/enad056"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/aad.2008.0001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/jcp.0000000000000941"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","volume-title":"Early Age\u2010Related Hearing Loss Investigation (EARHLI): A Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess Mechanisms Linking Early Age\u2010Related Hearing Loss and Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias","author":"Justin S.","year":"2023"}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.32312","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/lary.32312","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.32312","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T15:01:48Z","timestamp":1771081308000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.32312"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.32312"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.32312","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-852X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-4995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-01-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-06-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}