{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T14:14:03Z","timestamp":1774361643581,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,28]],"date-time":"2025-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751068800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23AG057832"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23AG057832"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010836","name":"American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010836","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To investigate the association between hearing loss and depressive disorders in a large national cohort.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Design<\/jats:title>\n Cross\u2010sectional epidemiologic study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Adults \u2265\u200918\u2009years old from the federally initiated All of Us Research Program were analyzed. The exposure was bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) defined by ICD\u201010 code (H90.3). The outcomes were depressive disorders defined by major depressive disorder (ICD\u201010 codes F32\u201033) and dysthymia (ICD\u201010 code F34.1). The odds of depression or dysthymia in subjects with and without hearing loss were assessed with univariable and multivariable regression, controlling for known confounding variables (age, sex, race, ethnicity, education, hypertension, and type II diabetes).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Out of the 375,438 participants with complete data, the mean (\n SD<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) age was 55\u2009years (\u00b117). 61.7% of subjects identified as female. The cohort included 25,260 (6.7%) individuals with a bilateral\n SNHL<\/jats:styled-content>\n diagnosis. After controlling for covariates, the odds of major depressive disorder diagnosis were 2.05 times (95% CI 1.99\u20132.11;\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001) higher for those with hearing loss compared to those without hearing loss. After controlling for covariates, the odds of dysthymia diagnosis were 2.68 times (95% CI 2.50\u20132.88;\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001) higher for those with hearing loss compared to those without hearing loss.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n In the All of Us Research Program, bilateral\n SNHL<\/jats:styled-content>\n is strongly associated with major depressive disorder and dysthymia. This supports the growing body of literature linking psychological disorders, specifically depression, with hearing loss. Future studies should look at stratified analyses, enabled by the massive sample size in the All of Us Research Program.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n 3.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.32369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,28]],"date-time":"2025-06-28T03:33:57Z","timestamp":1751081637000},"page":"4872-4878","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Hearing Loss Is Associated With Depression and Dysthymia in the All of Us Research Program"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"135","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8409-4654","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah N. W.","family":"Weinstein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, NewYork\u2010Presbyterian\/Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3247-6515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lauren H.","family":"Tucker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, NewYork\u2010Presbyterian\/Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0631-5997","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael W.","family":"Denham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, NewYork\u2010Presbyterian\/Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katharine K.","family":"Brewster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York New York USA"},{"name":"New York State Psychiatric Institute, Herbert Pardes Building New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Justin S.","family":"Golub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, NewYork\u2010Presbyterian\/Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.695117"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14992027.2011.599871"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.10986"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405\u2010021\u201006805\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2018.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2018.3270"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2014.42"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1281689"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnz009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fepid.2022.980476"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","unstructured":"NIH \u201cAll of Us\u2014Core Values \u201d(2023) NIH https:\/\/allofus.nih.gov\/about\/core\u2010values."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsr1809937"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","unstructured":"National Institutes of Health All of Us Research Program \u201cAll of Us Research Hub \u201dhttps:\/\/researchallofus.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","unstructured":"Prevention CfDCa \u201cNational Center for Health Statistics\u2014ICD\u201010\u2010CM \u201d(2025) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention https:\/\/icd10cmtool.cdc.gov\/?fy=FY2024."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","volume-title":"StatPearls [Internet]","author":"Bains N.","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","volume-title":"StatPearls [Internet]","author":"Patel R. 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