{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T08:13:50Z","timestamp":1773735230880,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761177600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761177600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2024QH547"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2024QH547"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to develop and validate prognostic models for predicting overall survival (OS) and disease\u2010specific survival (DSS) in patients with head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma (HNRMS), providing a practical tool for clinical decision\u2010making.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective cohort of patients diagnosed with HNRMS between 2000 and 2021 was analyzed. Prognostic factors were identified through Cox regression, and nomograms were constructed for survival. Model performance was rigorously assessed using the concordance index (C\u2010index), time\u2010dependent ROC curves, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 1271 patients with HNRMS were included, with 889 patients in the training set and 382 in the validation set. The median OS was 16.9\u2009months, and the median DSS was not reached. Advanced age, alveolar histology, para\u2010meningeal tumor location, distant metastasis, and lack of radiotherapy emerged as key adverse prognostic factors. The constructed nomograms demonstrated strong predictive performance, with C\u2010index values of 0.759 for OS and 0.743 for DSS in the training cohort, and 0.743 for OS and 0.730 for DSS in the validation cohort. Time\u2010dependent ROC analysis further confirmed the superior accuracy of the nomograms compared to traditional staging systems. Risk stratification classified patients into low\u2010, medium\u2010, and high\u2010risk groups, with 5\u2010year OS rates of 81.7%, 40.2%, and 12.0%, respectively, highlighting the model's clinical utility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our nomograms provide a highly accurate and clinically actionable tool for individualized prognostication in HNRMS, addressing the limitations of conventional staging systems. This advancement holds significant promise for personalized treatment strategies and improved patient outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>3.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.70200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T10:49:41Z","timestamp":1761216581000},"page":"1668-1682","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Refining Prognostic Predictions and Risk Assessment in\u00a0Head and Neck Rhabdomyosarcoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"136","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2456-5413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuan","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Di","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University  Jinan China"},{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qihao","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6859-8390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiaoyang","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University  Jinan China"},{"name":"Medical Integration and Practice Center Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2016.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12105\u2010015\u20100624\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572\u2010018\u20100051\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.22.02673"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.27994"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2025.107263"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdt426"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2021.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adro.2022.101055"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010018\u201027556\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.24547"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1808\u201086942010000400020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.27870"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","volume-title":"Oncology Center of Excellence, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research. 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