{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T10:13:50Z","timestamp":1777976030601,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764201600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010485","name":"American Rhinologic Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1053350"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1053350"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010485","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009410","name":"Southern California Clinical and Translational Science Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009410","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DC014450"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DC014450"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DC017741"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DC017741"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01EB027113"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EB027113"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R25DC019700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R25DC019700"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is currently no method of diagnosing eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (ECRSwNP) without histologic evidence of tissue eosinophilia. We aimed to quantify eosinophils in fresh sinonasal tissue using optical coherence tomography (OCT), a non\u2010contact imaging modality, and compare these counts with eosinophils per high\u2010power field (HPF) on histology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sinonasal tissue was collected from patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery for CRS. Half of each sample was sent for histologic processing, and eosinophils per HPF were quantified and averaged over three hematoxylin\u2010and\u2010eosin slides per sample. The other half of each tissue sample was imaged with high\u2010resolution OCT directly without histologic processing, and globules with the appearance of eosinophils were counted and averaged over three images per sample. Mean globule counts in OCT images and eosinophils per HPF on histology were correlated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sinonasal tissue was collected from 14 patients including six with ECRSwNP (42.9%). Mean globules resembling eosinophils in tissue from patients with ECRSwNP were significantly greater than in other patients (101.9\u2009\u00b1\u200939.9 vs. 24.3\u2009\u00b1\u200917.1,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). There was a statistically significant correlation between globule counts on OCT and eosinophils per HPF on histology across all samples (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.90,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). A cutoff of 45 globules on OCT was 100% sensitive and 87.5% specific for diagnosing ECRSwNP using a cutoff of 55 eosinophils per HPF on histology.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>OCT may be used to diagnose ECRSwNP in excised sinonasal tissue. These results may serve as a proof\u2010of\u2010concept for developing an intranasal OCT system to diagnose ECRSwNP non\u2010invasively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>4<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.70285","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T07:08:36Z","timestamp":1764313716000},"page":"2092-2100","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Diagnosing Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Excised Tissue Using Optical Coherence Tomography"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"136","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8512-1738","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ido","family":"Badash","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Caruso Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Serafino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Caruso Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Alfred Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Correa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John S.","family":"Oghalai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Caruso Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Alfred Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bozena","family":"Wrobel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Caruso Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2795-5678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian E.","family":"Applegate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Caruso Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Alfred Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Hur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Caruso Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22194"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2020.01.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.08.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-16638-0_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-36102-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-06-290171"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/falgy.2023.1133378"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2016.116"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13243662"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-370607-2.00002-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.127.9.1102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2010.12.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcomp.2022.777728"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2011.07.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.15.016561"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","first-page":"145561323121462","article-title":"Optical Coherence Tomography as a Tool for Imaging the Sinonasal Mucosa in Patients: A Systematic Review","volume":"3","author":"Badash I.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aav3505"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0000000000000602"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ar.2017.8.0188"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2020.08.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.03.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.11.023"}],"container-title":["The 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