{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T10:13:18Z","timestamp":1777975998140,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765756800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is highly prevalent, yet its association with upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancers beyond esophageal adenocarcinoma remains incompletely defined. This systematic review and meta\u2010analysis aimed to quantify the risk of specific UADT cancers in individuals with GERD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Sources<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and CINAHL was conducted for studies published from January 2000 to October 2024.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Review Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Observational studies (cohort or case\u2013control) evaluating GERD as a risk factor for UADT cancers in adults were included, following PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD42024602545). Esophageal adenocarcinoma was excluded due to its well\u2010established association with GERD. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle\u2013Ottawa scale. Pooled relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using random effects models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seventeen studies (12 case\u2013control, 5 cohort), encompassing 1,768,394 participants, met inclusion criteria. GERD was significantly associated with laryngeal cancer (RR\u2009=\u20091.65, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.19\u20132.31). No significant associations were found for pharyngeal, oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal, or esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Subgroup analysis showed stronger associations in U.S.\u2010based studies (RR\u2009=\u20091.61) and in studies using ICD\u2010coded GERD (RR\u2009=\u20091.93).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>GERD is associated with an increased risk of laryngeal cancer. Findings support further investigation into reflux\u2010related carcinogenesis in the UADT, particularly in high\u2010risk populations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.70303","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T08:49:36Z","timestamp":1765788576000},"page":"2008-2017","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["<scp>GERD<\/scp>\n                    and Upper Aerodigestive Tract Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"136","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5293-1717","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janice","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Miami  Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7381-5620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida International University  Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Garret","family":"Forman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Miami  Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tonya","family":"Aaron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Miami  Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8408-3549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophia","family":"Peifer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Miami  Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soumil","family":"Prasad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Miami  Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luke","family":"van Leeuwen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Miami  Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Wild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Miami  Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9423-8823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas","family":"DiStefano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Miami  Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhibin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Miami  Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Franzmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Miami  Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102036.2006.02952.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v6.i8.176"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102036.2005.02426.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.10.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Brown J.","year":"2025"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"512","article-title":"Laryngopharyngeal Reflux and Functional Laryngeal Disorder","volume":"14","author":"Patel D. 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