{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:49:00Z","timestamp":1786978140470,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1TR002529"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR002529"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the effects of globus pallidus interna (GPi) and ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus (VIM) deep brain stimulation (DBS) on patients with adductor laryngeal dystonia (ADLD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seven patients with ADLD underwent DBS (GPi\u2009=\u20094; VIM\u2009=\u20093) surgery. Postoperative voice testing was performed after stable DBS programming. Primary outcome measures included tremor rate, extent of fundamental frequency\/intensity modulation, percentage of voicing, duration\/number of voice breaks, and cepstral peak prominence. Linear mixed effects models tested voice improvement after GPi and VIM surgery, with significance determined after controlling for multiple comparisons.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>GPi\u2010DBS showed trends for improved percentage of voicing, duration of voice breaks, number of voice breaks, and extent of intensity modulation pre\u2013post within\u2010group with large effect size. VIM\u2010DBS showed trends for improved tremor rate within\u2010group with large effect size. Between\u2010group comparison showed greater improvement in percentage voicing and extent of intensity modulation in patients with GPi\u2010DBS compared to VIM\u2010DBS, whereas tremor rate showed greater improvement after VIM\u2010DBS compared to GPi\u2010DBS. Duration of voice breaks showed more improvement in GPi than VIM but it did not achieve statistical significance after multiple comparison adjustments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Objective acoustic voice analyses provide preliminary, target\u2010specific patterns that warrant confirmation of bilateral GPi\u2010DBS for patients with ADLD and bilateral VIM\u2010DBS for those with both ADLD and vocal tremor. Future research with larger sample sizes, along with investigations into the neuronal mechanisms underlying laryngeal neuromodulation, is needed to further evaluate the role of DBS in treating ADLD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>3.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.70441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T10:01:59Z","timestamp":1771236119000},"page":"3085-3096","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effects of Deep Brain Stimulation on Adductor Laryngeal Dystonia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"136","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5354-5210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita R.","family":"Patel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Indiana University School of Medicine  Indianapolis Indiana USA"},{"name":"Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences Indiana University  Bloomington Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maggie","family":"Stall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences Indiana University  Bloomington Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stacey","family":"Halum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Indiana University School of Medicine  Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Anthony","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Indiana University School of Medicine  Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noah","family":"Parker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Indiana University School of Medicine  Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morgan","family":"Reese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine  Bloomington Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Kareken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Indiana University School of Medicine  Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Dickinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Indiana University School of Public Health  Bloomington Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas C.","family":"Witt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery Indiana University School of Medicine  Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Purger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery Indiana University School of Medicine  Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kunal","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Medical College of Wisconsin  Milwaukee Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. 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