{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T02:01:08Z","timestamp":1781143268545,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772582400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772582400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neurocognitive factors contribute to heterogeneity in cochlear implant (CI) success. This study addresses three gaps: (1) whether long, low\u2010redundancy sentences in quiet vs. short, high\u2010redundancy sentences in noise recruit different cognitive involvement; (2) the methodological conflation of processing speed with inhibition\u2010concentration; (3) the scarcity of tone language evidence in understanding the cognitive\u2010speech relationship.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty\u2010five postlingually deafened Mandarin CI users completed long\u2010sentence recognition in quiet (Mandarin Chinese Adaptation of AzBio Sentence, CMnBio) and short\u2010sentence recognition in four\u2010talker babble noise (the BKB Sentences in Noise, BKB\u2010SIN). Auditory input quality was assessed using the Spectral\u2010Temporally Modulated Ripple Test (SMRT). The Shape Trail Test, a pencil\u2010and\u2010line task, was used to assess processing speed (STT\u2010A\/B), and inhibition\u2010concentration (STT\u2010B). Because STT\u2010B reflects both processing speed and inhibition\u2010concentration, the latter was isolated using STT\u2010B.A (the residual of STT\u2010B on STT\u2010A). Independent contributions to recognition were assessed with hierarchical regression analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      SMRT, STT\u2010A, and STT\u2010B showed correlations with both sentence outcomes, whereas STT\u2010B.A correlated solely with BKB\u2010SIN. In regression models controlling for SMRT, STT\u2010A explained significant variance in CMnBio (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.507,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001) and BKB\u2010SIN (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.371,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.012). STT\u2010B.A contributed only to BKB\u2010SIN (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.318,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.014).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Information processing speed shows a general association with sentence recognition in both quiet and noise, whereas inhibition\u2010concentration shows a noise\u2010specific association in Mandarin CI users. This study highlights the importance of methodological distinction separating these two cognitive functions and extends cognition\u2010speech links to tonal languages.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>3<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.70450","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T15:36:00Z","timestamp":1772984160000},"page":"3185-3194","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Roles of Speed vs. Inhibition\u2010Concentration in Speech Recognition of Mandarin Cochlear Implant Users"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"136","author":[{"given":"Zhuoyi","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Sun Yat\u2010Sen University, Sun Yat\u2010Sen Memorial Hospital  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