{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T17:48:02Z","timestamp":1786470482398,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777507200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective(s)<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Long COVID affects multiple organ systems, yet the incidence and risk factors for post\u2013COVID\u201019 laryngeal dysfunction remain underexplored. This study evaluated the incidence of laryngeal dysfunction following COVID\u201019.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective cohort study was performed using the TriNetX Global Collaborative EHR Network (&gt;\u2009180 million records). Adults without prior laryngeal dysfunction or major comorbidities were stratified by COVID\u201019 exposure and compared with uninfected controls. Outcomes included chronic cough, dysphagia, voice disorders, vocal fold paralysis, and laryngeal spasm, assessed up to 5\u2009years post\u2010infection. After propensity score matching, odds ratios (OR) and risk differences (RD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      COVID\u201019 was associated with significantly increased odds of chronic cough (peak OR 7.12; RD 0.33%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), dysphagia (peak OR 2.71; RD 0.36%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), voice disorders (peak OR 3.25; RD 0.12%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), vocal fold paralysis (peak OR 2.17; RD 0.01%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), and laryngeal spasm (peak OR 2.79; RD 0.003%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). Incidence peaked at 1\u20132\u2009years for most outcomes and at 2\u20133\u2009years for laryngeal spasm. Hospitalization and mechanical ventilation were associated with increased rates of dysphagia (HR 2.63; HR 5.26), voice disorders (HR 1.15; HR 4.45), and vocal cord paralysis (HR 2.09; HR 9.35), but reduced rates of chronic cough (HR 0.68; HR 0.45). Vaccinated patients showed higher rates of chronic cough (HR 1.36) and voice disorders (HR 1.22).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>COVID\u201019 is associated with increased incidence of new\u2010onset laryngeal dysfunction, most commonly peaking 1\u20132\u2009years after infection and influenced by hospitalization, mechanical ventilation, and vaccination status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>3.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.70590","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T10:58:26Z","timestamp":1777546706000},"page":"3849-3858","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Laryngeal Dysfunction Following\n                    <scp>COVID<\/scp>\n                    \u201019: A\n                    <scp>TriNetX<\/scp>\n                    Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"136","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3157-8884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cali","family":"Loblundo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Warren B.","family":"Chun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0664-4571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaun A.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsten","family":"Meenan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1293-501X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashli K.","family":"O'Rourke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Medical 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