{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T13:05:55Z","timestamp":1785416755494,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After extubation for acute respiratory failure (ARF), many survivors exhibit laryngeal edema. Laryngeal edema is an independent predictor of aspiration, stridor, and reintubation\u2014events associated with morbidity, mortality, and complex hospital courses. Evaluating associations between laryngeal edema and adverse clinical outcomes requires accurate and reproducible edema rating instruments. The aims of this review were to identify existing laryngeal edema rating scales and to assess which scales, if any, are adequately designed for ARF patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Sources<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A structured search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase was conducted in May 2026.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Review Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Covidence Scoping Review software was used for screening and tracking. Titles and abstracts were reviewed based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, with full\u2010text screening focused on studies explicitly detailing laryngeal edema assessment methods. This review was reported as per PRISMA guidelines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty\u2010five studies were included in this review. Most studies (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200922) utilized subjective binary (present\/absent) classifications, while others (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200913) employed ordinal rating scales. Only the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) scale and Patterson Edema Scale included operationally defined tools and reliability\/validity testing, but they were developed for head and neck cancer patients. In studies of ARF patients, edema scales were purpose built and lacked clear operational definitions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>No laryngeal edema instruments have undergone formal psychometric development and testing for use in the post\u2010extubation ARF patient population. Subsequent research should determine if any existing scales can be employed with reliability and validity in the ARF patient population or if a new instrument should be developed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>N\/A.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.70781","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T12:49:11Z","timestamp":1785415751000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Scoping Review of Laryngeal Edema Rating Scales for Extubated Acute Respiratory Failure Survivors"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Lalita","family":"Sabat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery Boston Medical Center  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine  Richmond Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Winston","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery Boston Medical Center  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Boston University  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael H.","family":"Ieong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Allergy, Sleep, and Critical Care Medicine Boston Medical Center  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7680-4713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lauren F.","family":"Tracy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery Boston Medical Center  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7083-4279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gintas P.","family":"Krisciunas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery Boston Medical Center  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.96.4.877"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02044118"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc8142"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-014-9549-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-015-1018-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-019-09980-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.07.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-020-10199-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Ak A. 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