{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T04:48:11Z","timestamp":1791953291291,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791849600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32GM144273"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32GM144273"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To determine the association between wildfire\u2010specific particulate matter 2.5 (wPM\n                      <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) exposure and the overall and site\u2010specific incidences of head and neck and aerodigestive cancer (HNC).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Epidemiological retrospective cohort analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      HNC incidence data were derived from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (2016\u20132022). The relationship between county\u2010level wPM\n                      <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                      exposure metrics and HNC incidence rates were examined using a distributed lag non\u2010linear model, adjusting for health behaviors (tobacco\/alcohol use, diet, exercise, and sexual activity), demographics (age, sex, race\/ethnicity), population size, and year, with county as a random effect. Lag effects were analyzed over 10\u2009years. HNC subsites included nasal\/sinus\/ear, nasopharynx, oral cavity, oropharynx (stratified by p16 status), hypopharynx, and larynx.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Higher wildfire\u2010specific PM\n                      <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                      exposure was associated with increased cumulative HNC incidence over 0\u201310\u2010year lags, with a cumulative relative risk (cRR) of 1.06 (95% CI: 1.04\u20131.09) per additional smoke exceedance day, 1.41 (1.24\u20131.60) for any annual exposure, and 1.23 (1.13\u20131.33) per percentage\u2010point increase in days above 5\u2009\u03bcg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      . Among subsites, oral cavity cancer showed consistent increases (cRR 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00\u20131.06), oropharyngeal cancer risk increased to 1.09 (1.06\u20131.13), and laryngeal cancer exhibited the largest effect, with a cRR of 1.13 (1.07\u20131.19) per additional exceedance day over a 10\u2010year lag period. When stratified by p16 status, significant associations were noted for p16\u2010positive, p16\u2010negative, and p16\u2010unknown tumors.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher frequency, intensity, or persistence of wildfire\u2010smoke exposure is associated with increased HNC risk, with the strongest associations driven by long\u2010term exposures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>3.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.70874","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T04:12:36Z","timestamp":1791951156000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Wildfire Air Pollution Exposure and Head and Neck Cancer Incidence"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Youn Soo","family":"Jung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"T. 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Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3863-9040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophie E.","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head &amp; Neck Surgery University of California San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kari C.","family":"Nadeau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health, Harvard Chan School of Public Health and Department of Medicine Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Cramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Wayne State University  Detroit Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4996-6362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mary Jue","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head &amp; Neck Surgery University of California San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret B.","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head &amp; Neck Surgery University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Chiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thomas Jefferson School of Medicine  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengyuan","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Surgery and Public Health, 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