{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T09:48:55Z","timestamp":1792057735767,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792022400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01EB027113"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EB027113"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R25DC019700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R25DC019700"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine whether an optical coherence tomography (OCT) otoscope can provide quantitative morphological measurements of the tympanic membrane (TM) that distinguish abnormal ears from normal controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with ear disease and normal volunteers were imaged using an OCT otoscope. Integrated video otoscopy with simultaneous OCT imaging guided probe positioning. OCT volumes (&lt;\u20095\u2009s each) were acquired and fused to generate wide\u2010field volumetric images of the TM and middle ear (ME). Datasets were analyzed using semi\u2010automated segmentation to quantify TM thickness and surface morphology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fifty\u2010five subjects (63 ears; 16 normal, 10 retraction pockets, 17 postoperative, 10 perforations, 10 cholesteatomas) were imaged. OCT volumetric imaging consistently distinguished normal, pathologic, and postoperative TMs. Mean TM thickness was significantly greater in all pathologic and postoperative groups compared to controls (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Surface gradient mapping demonstrated a characteristic pattern in normal TMs that was disrupted in disease states, with retraction pockets showing broad regions of low gradient consistent with a flattened contour. Longitudinal imaging demonstrated the ability to track disease progression; in one case, a retraction pocket progressed over 1\u2009year to contact the cochlear promontory with associated focal thickening.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>OCT otoscopy enables rapid, noninvasive, point\u2010of\u2010care volumetric imaging of the TM and ME. It provides quantitative metrics that improve diagnostic accuracy and allow objective monitoring of disease progression. OCT otoscopy has the potential to become a valuable tool in routine clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>3.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.70994","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T09:24:19Z","timestamp":1792056259000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Optical Coherence Tomography for Quantitative Point\u2010of\u2010Care Ear Imaging"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Marcela A.","family":"Mor\u00e1n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Caruso Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zihan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Caruso Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wihan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Caruso Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wejdan","family":"Alsherhri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alfred Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering, Denney Research Center (DRB) University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiography Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences Jazan University  Jazan Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4241-6189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John S.","family":"Oghalai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Caruso Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Alfred Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering, Denney Research Center (DRB) University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2795-5678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian E.","family":"Applegate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Caruso Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Alfred Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering, Denney Research Center (DRB) University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1610529113"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12875\u2010014\u20100181\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2017.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102818.2012.03619.x"},{"issue":"14","key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14685","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.18.014685","article-title":"Multi\u2010Megahertz OCT: High Quality 3D Imaging at 20 Million A\u2010Scans and 4.5 GVoxels Per Second","volume":"18","author":"Wieser 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