{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T15:32:18Z","timestamp":1747150338700,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696291200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003968","name":"Iran National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["insf\u201098020383\u20101400\/03\/23","95830795"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["insf\u201098020383\u20101400\/03\/23","95830795"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003968","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Laryngoscope Investig Oto"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite 6%\u201320% of the adult population suffering from tinnitus, there is no standard treatment for it. Placenta extract has been used for various therapeutic purposes, including hearing loss. Here, we evaluate the effect of a novel neuroprotective protein composition (NPPC) extract on electrophysiological and molecular changes in the medial geniculate body (MGB) of tinnitus\u2010induced rats.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the protein analysis by western blot, the rats were divided into three groups: (1) saline group (intraperitoneal injection of 200\u2009mg\/kg saline twice a day for 28 consecutive days, (2) chronic Na\u2010Sal group received sodium salicylate as in the first group, and (3) chronic treatment group (received salicylate 200\u2009mg\/kg twice daily for 2\u2009weeks, followed by 0.4\u2009mg NPPC daily from day 14 to day 28). Single\u2010unit recordings were performed on a separate group that was treated as in group 4. Gap\u2010prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle (GPIAS) and pre\u2010pulse inhibition (PPI) was performed to confirm tinnitus in all groups at the baseline, 14th and 28th days.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Western blot analysis showed that the expression of \u03b3\u2010Aminobutyric acid A\u03b11 subunit (GABA A\u03b11), N\u2010methyl\u2010<jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\u2010aspartate receptor subtype 2B (NR2B or NMDAR2B), \u03b1\u2010amino\u20103\u2010hydroxy\u20105\u2010methyl\u20104\u2010isoxazole propionic acid receptors subunit GluR1 (GluR1), and \u03b1\u2010amino\u20103\u2010hydroxy\u20105\u2010methyl\u20104\u2010isoxazole propionic acid receptors subunit GluR2 (GluR2) decreased after Na\u2010Sal injection, while NPPC upregulated their expression. MGB units in rats with tinnitus showed decreased spontaneous firing rate, burst per minute, and a spike in a burst. After NPPC administration, neural activity patterns showed a significant positive effect of NPPC on tinnitus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>NPPC can play an effective role in the treatment of tinnitus in salicylate\u2010induced rats, and MGB is one of the brain areas involved in these processes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>NA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.1156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T08:35:47Z","timestamp":1696408547000},"page":"1410-1420","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Electrophysiological and molecular changes following neuroprotective placental protein administration on tinnitus\u2010induced rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Farhadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ENT and Head and Neck Research Center The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Gorji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery Westf\u00e4lische Wilhelms\u2010Universitat M\u00fcnster  M\u00fcnster Germany"},{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences  Mashhad Iran"},{"name":"Shefa Neuroscience Research Center Khatam Alanbia Hospital  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marjan","family":"Mirsalehi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ENT and Head and Neck Research Center The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander Borisovich","family":"Poletaev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Research Center of Children Psycho\u2010Neurology  Moscow Russian Federation"},{"name":"Medical Research Centre \u201cImmunculus\u201d  Moscow Russian Federation"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdoreza","family":"Asadpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intelligent Systems Research Center Ulster University, Magee Campus  Derry~Londonderry Northern Ireland UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fereidoun","family":"Mahboudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Research Center Pasteur Institute of Iran  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Jafarian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Centre Neuroscience 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