{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T13:53:07Z","timestamp":1781877187787,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776384000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Laryngoscope Investig Oto"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To develop and validate a modular, low\u2010cost, and anatomically realistic microsurgical simulator for endolaryngeal training, including CO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      laser procedures and microsuturing.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We developed a dual\u2010module simulator consisting of a laryngeal specimen fixation unit and a flexible laryngoscope holder. The device accommodates porcine larynges and enables adjustable exposure and instrument manipulation under microscopic or exoscopic visualization. Junior and senior otolaryngologists performed standardized tasks, including subepithelial vocal fold dissection, microsuturing, and CO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      laser cordectomy. Participants completed a post\u2010session Likert\u2010scale survey assessing realism, usability, and perceived educational value.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty one otolaryngologists evaluated the simulator. Across survey items, mean scores ranged from 4.29 to 4.95 (SD: 0.22\u20130.78), with 81.0%\u2013100% agreement (Likert\u2009\u2265\u20094). Perceived training benefit was highest for hand\u2013eye coordination (4.95\u2009\u00b1\u20090.22, 100%), basic instrumentation for microscopic laser surgery (4.95\u2009\u00b1\u20090.22, 100%), and bimanual dexterity (4.90\u2009\u00b1\u20090.30, 100%). Overall satisfaction with the model was high (4.71\u2009\u00b1\u20090.46, 100%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This novel modular porcine\u2010larynx simulator provides a practical platform for microlaryngeal skills training with high user\u2010rated realism and educational utility. Its simple design, affordability, and adaptability may facilitate broader implementation in surgical education.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>4.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.70412","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T03:45:31Z","timestamp":1776483931000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development of a Microsurgical Simulator for Laryngeal Surgery: A Novel Training Device"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6452-1196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yihui","family":"Wen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong 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