{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T13:53:20Z","timestamp":1781877200130,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]],"date-time":"2026-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Laryngoscope Investig Oto"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Acquired subglottic stenosis (SGS) is commonly caused by prolonged intubation and elevated cuff pressures. Severe COVID\u201019 patients requiring extended ventilation are at higher risk of laryngotracheal injury. However, SGS incidence in COVID\u201019 versus non\u2010COVID\u201019 patients remains underexplored. To compare the incidence of SGS and frequency of subglottic dilation procedures following intubation in patients with or without a history of recent COVID\u201019 infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Utilizing the TriNetX database, queries were conducted for adult patients intubated between January 20, 2020 and December 31, 2023. Demographics, comorbidities, and COVID\u201019 infection histories were collected. Patients were divided into two cohorts based on their COVID\u201019 status &lt;\u20092\u2009weeks prior to hospitalization and propensity\u2010score matched for demographics and comorbidities. Incidence of SGS and frequency of subglottic dilation\/tracheostomy procedures occurring during the same hospitalization as the patient's intubation were compared.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      About 105,443 COVID+ and 79,848 COVID\u2010 patients had histories of intubation. After matching, each cohort had 70,000 patients; 39% (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200954,661) female, 58.5% (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200981,852) male. Mean age at time of intubation was 57\u2009years. COVID+ patients were more likely to develop SGS, odds ratio (OR) 1.3 (95% CI 1.1\u20131.5;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0004), and more likely to undergo tracheostomy, OR\u2009=\u20091.2 (95% CI\u2009=\u20091.1\u20131.2;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). COVID+ patients with SGS were more likely to undergo subglottic dilation procedures, OR 1.3 (95% CI 1.0\u20131.7;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.02). There was no significant difference in the number of dilation procedures or mortality rates between cohorts.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intubated patients with COVID\u201019 were more likely to develop SGS than those without infection and were more likely to require invasive procedures to address complications of long\u2010term intubation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.70421","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T01:50:23Z","timestamp":1776649823000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Intubated\n                    <scp>COVID<\/scp>\n                    \u201019 Patients More Likely to Develop Subglottic Stenosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Deepthi S.","family":"Akella","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Osteopathic Medicine University of the Incarnate Word  San Antonio Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5299-3487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatrice R.","family":"Bacon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University at Buffalo  Buffalo New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8647-3842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hardeep S.","family":"Tiwana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine Washington State University  Spokane Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3771-6662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaayathri","family":"Varavenkataraman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University at Buffalo  Buffalo New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2724-9562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lauren A.","family":"DiNardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry  Rochester New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4690-151X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mattie R.","family":"Rosi\u2010Schumacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University at Buffalo  Buffalo New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7406-4467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michele M.","family":"Carr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University at Buffalo  Buffalo New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11748\u2010021\u201001747\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599818794456"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000003368"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0003\u20104975(10)65137\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022\u20105223(95)70279\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002\u20109343(81)90413\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215121001134"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCE.0000000000000863"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405\u2010020\u201006112\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00059\u2010020\u201004923\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59081393"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.484"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000004015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001191"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.27079"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940411300105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0218\u20102020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23052421"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archoto.2012.1746"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215116009798"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v15020553"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","unstructured":"N. P.Parker B. A.Schiff M. A.Fritz et\u00a0al. \u201cAAO Position Statement: Tracheotomy Recommendations During the COVID\u201019 Pandemic \u201d2020American Academy of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery website https:\/\/www.entnet.org\/content\/aao\u2010position\u2010statement\u2010tracheotomy\u2010recommendations\u2010during\u2010covid\u201019\u2010pandemic."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12070\u2010020\u201002152\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31825bc948"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2023.1129803"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm14010039"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102253\u201010\u201021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.27610"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archoto.2010.195"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/cer\u20102022\u20100059"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000034993"}],"container-title":["Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lio2.70421","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/lio2.70421","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lio2.70421","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T13:11:40Z","timestamp":1781874700000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lio2.70421"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lio2.70421"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lio2.70421","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2378-8038","2378-8038"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2378-8038","type":"print"},{"value":"2378-8038","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-02-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70421"}}