{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T06:52:30Z","timestamp":1791874350048,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Laryngoscope Investig Oto"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is a perplexing medical condition characterized by rapid hearing decline, often accompanied by symptoms such as tinnitus and vertigo. Effectiveness of batroxobin treatment is not clearly known.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To systematically review and meta\u2010synthesize the effectiveness of Batroxobin treatment on SSNHL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched from the inception date through October 31, 2025. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) patients with a clinical diagnosis of SSNHL, (2) interventions included prescription of defibrinogenation therapy (DT), such as venombin A, ancrod, and\/or batroxobin, and (3) comparisons were controls who did not receive DT. Two researchers independently reviewed the literature according to the PRISMA guideline. The outcomes were improvement for proportional rate, and the effect size was measured using odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 7 studies with 837 participants (i.e., 561 in the treatment group and 276 controls) were included in the final meta\u2010analysis. DT was not statistically significant for improving hearing when compared to controls. Although the overall SSNHL improvement between DT and control groups improved, the overall effect size, as measured by the pooled OR, 1.897 (95% CI, 0.84 to 4.27), was not statistically significant. The pooled improvement rate for overall SSNHL without a comparison group was 62.1% (95% CI, 55.7% to 68.5%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings suggest that defibrinogenation treatment is not more effective than other treatments for SSNHL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.70599","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T06:38:49Z","timestamp":1791873529000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy of Defibrinogenation Therapy for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6192-2610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jieun","family":"Shin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine Konyang University  Daejeon Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Konyang Medical Data Research Group\u2010KYMERA Konyang University Hospital  Daejeon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3807-7559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaekwang","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine Konyang University Hospital  Daejeon Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2606-3646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jong Dai","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Konyang University Hospital  Daejeon Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6837-0599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young Hwa","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine Konyang University Hospital  Daejeon Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4961-3361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taeho Greg","family":"Rhee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Yale University School of Medicine  New Haven Connecticut USA"},{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences University of Connecticut School of Medicine  Farmington Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4143-7383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung Ryul","family":"Shim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine Konyang University  Daejeon Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Evidence Based Research Center Konyang University Hospital  Daejeon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1230-9307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jong\u2010Yeup","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Konyang Medical Data Research Group\u2010KYMERA Konyang University Hospital  Daejeon Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine Konyang University Hospital  Daejeon Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1177\/1084713811408349","article-title":"Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Review of Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis","volume":"15","author":"Kuhn M.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends in Amplification"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","first-page":"S1","article-title":"Clinical Practice Guideline: Sudden Hearing Loss (Update)","volume":"161","author":"Chandrasekhar S. S.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.133.6.582","article-title":"Treatment of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: II. A Meta\u2010Analysis","volume":"133","author":"Conlin A. E.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Archives of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head & Neck Surgery"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1177\/000348947708600406","article-title":"Natural History of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss","volume":"86","author":"Mattox D. E.","year":"1977","journal-title":"Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/01.wco.0000196155.92856.a1","article-title":"Sudden Deafness","volume":"19","author":"Mort D. J.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Neurology"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2865","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060519847860","article-title":"Role of Viral Infection in Sudden Hearing Loss","volume":"47","author":"Chen X.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of International Medical Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.889815","article-title":"Inner Ear Symptoms and Disease: Pathophysiological Understanding and Therapeutic Options","volume":"19","author":"Ciuman R. R.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Medical Science Monitor"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1102297","article-title":"Short\u2010Term Effects of Intravenous Batroxobin in Treatment of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Propensity Score\u2010Matched Study","volume":"14","author":"Jiang M.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1080\/0036554021000028082","article-title":"Defibrinogenation Therapy for Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Comparison With High\u2010Dose Steroid Therapy","volume":"123","author":"Suzuki H.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acta Oto\u2010Laryngologica"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","article-title":"Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta\u2010Analyses: The PRISMA Statement","volume":"6","author":"Moher D.","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4178\/epih.e2019008","article-title":"Intervention Meta\u2010Analysis: Application and Practice Using R Software","volume":"41","author":"Shim S. R.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Epidemiol Health"},{"issue":"7124","key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.316.7124.61","article-title":"Bias in Location and Selection of Studies","volume":"316","author":"Egger M.","year":"1998","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","article-title":"RoB 2: A Revised Tool for Assessing Risk of Bias in Randomised Trials","volume":"366","author":"Sterne J. A. C.","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1988.01860180063031","article-title":"Efficacy of Defibrinogenation and Steroid Therapies on Sudden Deafness","volume":"114","author":"Kubo T.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Archives of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head & Neck Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489309126213","article-title":"Hearing Recovery in Sudden Deafness Patients Using a Modified Defibrinogenation Therapy","volume":"501","author":"Shiraishi T.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Acta Oto\u2010Laryngologica. Supplementum"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1007\/s12013-011-9314-1","article-title":"Effect of Retreatment on the End\u2010Stage Sudden Deafness","volume":"62","author":"Suoqiang Z.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","first-page":"421","article-title":"Correlation Between Prognosis and Laboratory Parameters of Complete Deafness in Patients With Sudden Deafness","volume":"33","author":"Yuan J.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","article-title":"Comparison of Batroxobin Versus the Combination of Batroxobin and Intratympanic Dexamethasone Injection in the Treatment of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss","volume":"105","author":"Jia Q.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000002190","article-title":"Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Children: Clinical Characteristics, Etiology, Treatment Outcomes, and Prognostic Factors","volume":"40","author":"Lu Y.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Otology & Neurotology"},{"issue":"23","key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16862","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.464750","article-title":"Batroxobin Binds Fibrin With Higher Affinity and Promotes Clot Expansion to a Greater Extent Than Thrombin","volume":"288","author":"Vu T. T.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","first-page":"1178","article-title":"Clinico\u2010Pharmacological Observations of Batroxobin (Defibrase) Administered to Normal Human Adults (Author's Transl)","volume":"44","author":"Fukutake K.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Nihon Ketsueki Gakkai Zasshi"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.716778","article-title":"Use of Batroxobin in Central and Peripheral Ischemic Vascular Diseases: A Systematic Review","volume":"12","author":"Lan D.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","first-page":"136","article-title":"Effect of Batroxobin on Neuronal Apoptosis During Focal Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion in Rats","volume":"21","author":"Wu W.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","first-page":"S1","article-title":"Clinical Practice Guideline: Sudden Hearing Loss","volume":"146","author":"Stachler R. J.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2021.2685","article-title":"Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for Patients With Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis","volume":"148","author":"Joshua T. G.","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngology. Head & Neck Surgery"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.14036","article-title":"Spontaneous Recovery Rate of Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis","volume":"48","author":"Chaushu H.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clinical Otolaryngology"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.7874\/jao.2017.21.1.9","article-title":"Prognostic Factors for Recovery From Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Retrospective Study","volume":"21","author":"Kang W. S.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Audiology & Otology"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.3109\/00016480902725254","article-title":"Age\u2010Dependent Changes in the Expression of Klotho Protein, TRPV5 and TRPV6 in Mouse Inner Ear","volume":"129","author":"Takumida M.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Oto\u2010Laryngologica"}],"container-title":["Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lio2.70599","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/lio2.70599","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lio2.70599","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T06:38:54Z","timestamp":1791873534000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lio2.70599"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lio2.70599"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lio2.70599","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2378-8038","2378-8038"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2378-8038","type":"print"},{"value":"2378-8038","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-29","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70599"}}