{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T05:54:02Z","timestamp":1781243642234,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,7]],"date-time":"2022-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641513600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004564","name":"Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnolo\u0161kog Razvoja","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["451\u201003\u20109\/2021\u201014\/200017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451\u201003\u20109\/2021\u201014\/200017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Laryngoscope Investig Oto"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cholesteatoma is a challenging chronic pathology of the middle ear for which pharmacologic therapies have not been developed yet. Cholesteatoma occurrence depends on the interplay between genetic and environmental factors while master regulators orchestrating disease progression are still unknown. Therefore, in this review, we will discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of non\u2010coding RNAs (ncRNA) as a new class of regulatory molecules.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We have comprehensively reviewed all articles investigating ncRNAs, specifically micro RNAs (miRNAs) and long ncRNAs (lncRNA\/circRNA) in cholesteatoma tissue.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Candidate miRNA approaches indicated that miR\u201021 and let\u20107a are the major miRNAs involved in cholesteatoma growth, migration, proliferation, bone destruction, and apoptosis. Regulatory potential for the same biological processes was also observed for miR\u2010203a. The NF\u2010kB\/miR\u2010802\/PTEN regulatory network was in relation to observed miR\u201021 activity in cholesteatoma as well. High throughput approaches revealed additional ncRNAs implicated in cholesteatoma pathology. Competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) analysis highlighted lncRNA\/circRNA that could be \u201cendogenous sponge\u201d for miR\u201021 and let\u20107a based on the hypothesis that RNA transcripts can communicate with and regulate each other by using shared miRNA response elements.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this review, we summarize the discoveries and role of ncRNA in major pathways in cholesteatoma and highlight the potential of miRNA\u2010based therapeutics in the treatment of cholesteatoma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p><jats:bold>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:bold> NA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.728","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,7]],"date-time":"2022-01-07T15:41:07Z","timestamp":1641570067000},"page":"60-66","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Non\u2010coding RNA and 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