{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T17:21:26Z","timestamp":1787505686157,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652140800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007880","name":"Johns Hopkins University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007880","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Laryngoscope Investig Oto"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cochlear implants (CI) are reliable implantable devices that are highly cost\u2010effective in reducing the burden of hearing loss at an individual and societal scale. However, only 10% of CI candidates are aware of their candidacy and receive a CI. A web\u2010based screening tool to assess CI candidacy may make many more individuals aware of their candidacy for cochlear implantation. The objective of this study was to validate and optimize the online Cochlear Implant Candidacy Calculator against in\u2010clinic audiometric testing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Audiogram data and word discrimination scores for 132 patients who underwent initial CI consultation at the Johns Hopkins Cochlear Implant Center in 2020 were inputted into the calculator. Candidacy results from the calculator were compared against formal clinical diagnoses provided by the audiologist at the time of visit. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) and Area Under the Curve (AUC) analyses were performed to identify optimal diagnostic thresholds.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the resulting 132 patients, 54 presented with single\u2010sided deafness (SSD), and 114 were clinically determined to be CI candidates. ROC AUC analyses identified optimal thresholds of high\u2010frequency PTA \u226565\u2009dB and word discrimination score\u2009\u2264\u200950%. To maximize sensitivity at the expense of specificity, diagnostic thresholds of high\u2010frequency PTA \u2265 65\u2009dB and word discrimination score\u2009\u2264\u200970% were chosen, which yielded accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and ROC AUC of 0.90, 0.94, 0.82, and 0.88, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The novel online CI Candidacy Calculator exhibits high sensitivity and accuracy, and moderate specificity. The calculator may thereby be useful in increasing awareness of potential CI candidacy, increasing prevalence of CIs, and decreasing the burden of hearing loss.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.804","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T05:48:45Z","timestamp":1652161725000},"page":"835-839","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Candidacy for Cochlear implantation: Validating a novel Cochlear implant candidacy calculator against gold\u2010standard, in\u2010clinic audiometric assessments"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1004-7606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raymond J.","family":"So","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominic","family":"Padova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Bowditch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuri","family":"Agrawal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"41","article-title":"Audiometry screening and interpretation","volume":"87","author":"Walker JJ","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2018.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","volume-title":"Global Costs of Unaddressed Hearing Loss and Cost\u2010Effectiveness of Interventions: Executive Summary","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1904407"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000000946"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Current profile of adults presenting for preoperative cochlear implant evaluation","volume":"22","author":"Holder JT","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Hear"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.16985"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26066"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.673"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2010.362."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","first-page":"75","article-title":"Pediatric hearing loss: common causes, diagnosis and therapeutic approach","volume":"67","author":"Alzahrani M","year":"2015","journal-title":"Minerva Pediatr"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000003230"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2017.00307"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20100039\u20101679894"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","first-page":"76","article-title":"Hearing preservation surgery in acoustic neuroma. Slow progress and new strategies","volume":"31","author":"Mazzoni A","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital"}],"container-title":["Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lio2.804","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/lio2.804","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lio2.804","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T20:05:04Z","timestamp":1692821104000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lio2.804"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lio2.804"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lio2.804","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2378-8038","2378-8038"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2378-8038","type":"print"},{"value":"2378-8038","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-12-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-04-12","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-05-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}