{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T12:40:24Z","timestamp":1760964024492,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,16]],"date-time":"2018-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1523836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":46,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aocs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lipids"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Severe alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is a life\u2010threatening condition lacking good serologic markers to tailor treatment and predict recovery. We examined the cholesterol metabolism in severe AH to explore prognostic markers and evaluate the profile of cholesterol precursors, cholestanol and phytosterols, in this context. We assessed serum cholesterol, cholesterol precursors, cholestanol, phytosterols, and biochemical markers in 24 patients with severe AH treated with prednisolone and randomized to ciprofloxacin in the ratio 1:1. Response to prednisolone was assessed with the Lille model. Evaluations were made between responders and nonresponders to corticosteroid treatment and during follow\u2010up for 180\u2009days. The findings were compared with those from patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 156) and healthy individuals (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 124). Responders to prednisolone had ~56\u201360% higher (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010value 0.032\u20130.044) serum ratios to cholesterol of phytosterols, while the lathosterol\/campesterol ratio was ~76% (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.031) lower compared to nonresponders. Stigmasterol\/cholesterol predicted response to corticosteroid therapy. Surrogate markers of cholesterol synthesis (lathosterol and desmosterol) inversely reflected those of absorption (cholestanol and phytosterols) in PSC and controls (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2010range \u22120.247 to \u22120.559, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01 for all), contrary to AH patients, among whom this reciprocal regulation was partially recovered on day 90 (lathosterol: <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2010range \u22120.733 to \u22120.952, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05 for all). AH patients had ~26% lower lathosterol\/cholesterol, but 1.13\u20133.87\u2010fold higher cholestanol\/cholesterol and sitosterol\/cholesterol compared to control groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05 for all). Median ferritin concentration at baseline was ~37% lower (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.011) among the responders. Cholesterol precursors and phytosterols have a disease\u2010specific profile in AH. Phytosterols and ferritin may serve as surrogate markers for short\u2010term response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/lipd.12033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,17]],"date-time":"2018-04-17T00:24:37Z","timestamp":1523924677000},"page":"323-334","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Noncholesterol Sterols as Surrogate Markers in Patients with Severe Alcoholic Hepatitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Perttu","family":"Sahlman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Gastroenterology, Abdominal Center University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, PL 900  Helsinki 00029 Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markku","family":"Nissinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Gastroenterology, Abdominal Center University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, PL 900  Helsinki 00029 Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piia","family":"Simonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Heart and Lung Center University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, PL 900  Helsinki 00029 Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martti","family":"F\u00e4rkkil\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Gastroenterology, Abdominal Center University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, PL 900  Helsinki 00029 Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1093131"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13369"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365521.2016.1157887"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)38603-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3417"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e3181256492"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12890"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20457"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12798"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)43088-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840210116"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M300522-JLR200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(96)80165-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","first-page":"503","article-title":"Treatment of alcohol hepatitis","volume":"119","author":"Julkunen R.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Duodecim"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)38456-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/83799"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2015.35"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21607"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(78)90401-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2010.224097"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0130346"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27779"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)38566-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","first-page":"440","article-title":"The role of serum non\u2010cholesterol sterols as surrogate markers of absolute cholesterol synthesis and absorption","volume":"53","author":"Miettinen T. 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