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The current study aimed to investigate the effects of treating mice with PJ or recombinant PON1 (rePON1) on the oxidation and lipid status of CVD\u2010related tissues: serum, aorta, heart, liver, kidney, visceral, and subcutaneous adipose tissues (VAT and SAT). Both PJ consumption and rePON1 injection decreased the serum levels of thiobarbituric acid\u2010reactive substances (16% and 19%) and triacylglycerols (TAG, 24% and 27%), while only rePON1 increased the levels of thiol groups (35%) and decreased serum cholesterol (15%). Both PJ and rePON1 significantly decreased aortic cholesterol (38% and 32%) and TAG (62% and 58%) contents in association with downregulation of the key TAG biosynthetic enzyme diacylglycerol O\u2010acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1, 71% and 65%), while only PJ decreased aortic lipid peroxides (47%). Substantial TAG\u2010lowering effects of both PJ and rePON1 were observed also in the heart (31% and 42%), liver (34% and 42%), and kidney (42% and 57%). In both VAT and SAT, rePON1 decreased the levels of lipid peroxides (28% and 25%), while PJ decreased the TAG content (22% and 18%). <jats:italic>Ex vivo<\/jats:italic> incubation of SAT with serum derived from mice that consumed PJ or injected with rePON1 decreased SAT lipid peroxides (35% or 28%) and TAG mass (12% or 10%). These novel findings highlight potent TAG\u2010lowering properties of exogenous (PJ) and endogenous (PON1) antioxidants in tissues associated with CVD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/lipd.12112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,17]],"date-time":"2018-12-17T21:54:50Z","timestamp":1545083690000},"page":"1031-1041","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Exogenous (Pomegranate Juice) or Endogenous (Paraoxonase1) Antioxidants Decrease Triacylglycerol Accumulation in Mouse Cardiovascular Disease\u2010Related Tissues"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Oren","family":"Rom","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center University of Michigan  2800 Plymouth Rd. Ann Arbor MI 48109"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Volkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Lipid Research Laboratory Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion\u2013Israel Institute of Technology  1 Efron St. Haifa Israel 31096"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helana","family":"Jeries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Lipid Research Laboratory Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion\u2013Israel Institute of Technology  1 Efron St. Haifa Israel 31096"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine E Rambam Health Care Campus  8 HaAliya HaShniya St., Haifa Israel 35254"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Grajeda\u2010Iglesias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Lipid Research Laboratory Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion\u2013Israel Institute of Technology  1 Efron St. Haifa Israel 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