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We also verified independent associations of treatment duration and daily hydrocortisone dose equivalent (HDE) with lipid profile within patients. This case\u2013control study included 23 patients (7 male and 16 female) matched by an age range of young adults (18\u201331\u2009years) with 20 control subjects (8 male and 12 female). Dual energy X\u2010ray absorptiometry was used to measure the fat distribution. Male patients demonstrated elevated indices of fat mass for total (7.7\u2009\u00b1\u20092.1 <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic> 4.5\u2009\u00b1\u20091.3 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.003), trunk (4.0\u2009\u00b1\u20091.2 <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic> 2.2\u2009\u00b1\u20090.8 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.005), android (0.63\u2009\u00b1\u20090.24 <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic> 0.32\u2009\u00b1\u20090.15\u2009kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.008), gynoid (1.34\u2009\u00b1\u20090.43 <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic> 0.74\u2009\u00b1\u20090.24\u2009kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.005), arm (0.65\u2009\u00b1\u20090.16 <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic> 0.39\u2009\u00b1\u20090.10 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.009), and leg regions (2.7\u2009\u00b1\u20090.8 <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic> 1.6\u2009\u00b1\u20090.4 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.005) than the control group, but not in females. However, female patients demonstrated elevated ratio of low\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol to high\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol (1.90\u2009\u00b1\u20090.46 <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic> 1.39\u2009\u00b1\u20090.47, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.009) than the control group, but not in males. Total fat mass was inversely correlated with total testosterone (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = \u22120.64, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.014) and positively correlated with leptin in males (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = 0.75, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.002). An elevated daily HDE (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> = 0.43, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.038 and <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> = 0.47, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.033) and trunk to total fat mass ratio (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> = 0.46, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.025, and <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> = 0.45, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.037) were independently correlated with impaired lipid profile markers. Although there is no altered lipid profile, male patients demonstrated an increased fat distribution. However, female patients presented with an impaired lipid profile marker but demonstrated close values of normal fat distribution. Interestingly, the dose of glucocorticoid therapy can have some role in the lipid mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/lipd.12280","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,27]],"date-time":"2020-09-27T04:48:16Z","timestamp":1601182096000},"page":"101-110","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Fat Distribution and Lipid Profile of Young Adults with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to <scp>21\u2010Hydroxylase<\/scp> Enzyme Deficiency"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3842-2132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliano Henrique","family":"Borges","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Growth and Development (LabCreD), Center for Investigation in Pediatrics (CIPED), School of Medical Sciences (FCM) State University of Campinas (UNICAMP)  Campinas SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel Minutti","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Investigation in Metabolism and Diabetes (LIMED), FCM UNICAMP  Campinas SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8289-5703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia Helena Valente","family":"de Lemos\u2010Marini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Growth and Development (LabCreD), Center for Investigation in Pediatrics (CIPED), School of Medical Sciences (FCM) State University of Campinas (UNICAMP)  Campinas SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0557-4578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"Geloneze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Investigation in Metabolism and Diabetes (LIMED), FCM UNICAMP  Campinas SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8470-9479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ezequiel Moreira","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Growth and Development (LabCreD), Center for Investigation in Pediatrics (CIPED), School of Medical Sciences (FCM) State University of Campinas (UNICAMP)  Campinas SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2991-7678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gil","family":"Guerra\u2010J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Growth and Development (LabCreD), Center for Investigation in Pediatrics (CIPED), School of Medical Sciences (FCM) State University of Campinas (UNICAMP)  Campinas SP 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