{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T00:27:02Z","timestamp":1761006422933,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,21]],"date-time":"2024-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708473600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aocs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lipids"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The ideal approach to the secondary dyslipidemia goal of lowering triglycerides (TG) is not well established. The available \u03c9\u20103 fatty acid products differ from each other in composition and content. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of a highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) formulation on cardiometabolic biomarkers in high cardiovascular (CV) risk patients. The study included 226 subjects with high TG and \u22651 of the following CV risk factors: arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ultrasound\u2010documented atheromatosis, peripheral artery disease, previous myocardial infarction, or ischemic stroke. Participants received 2\u2009g EPA twice daily for 3\u2009months, along with typical nutritional counseling. Cardiometabolic hematological parameters (TG, low\u2010density lipoprotein [LDL], high\u2010density lipoprotein [HDL], non\u2010HDL, total cholesterol [TChol], apolipoprotein A<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> [Apo A<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>], apolipoprotein B [Apo B], glucose, glycated hemoglobin [HbA<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>c], and C\u2010reactive protein [CRP]) were measured at baseline and at 3\u2009months. The mean patients' age was 61.1\u2009\u00b1\u20091.4\u2009years and the mean baseline TG was 2.97\u2009\u00b1 0.15\u2009mmol\/L. Apart from Apo A<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>, all other biomarkers significantly (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) improved at 3\u2009months, regardless of sex (except Apo B) and age: TG 1.75\u2009\u00b1\u20090.09 versus 2.97\u2009\u00b1\u20090.15\u2009mmol\/L, LDL 2.46\u2009\u00b1\u20090.08 versus 3.05\u2009\u00b1\u20090.13\u2009mmol\/L, HDL 1.22\u2009\u00b1\u20090.03 versus 1.11\u2009\u00b1\u20090.03\u2009mmol\/L, non\u2010HDL 3.29\u2009\u00b1\u20090.10 versus 4.14\u2009\u00b1 0.16\u2009mmol\/L, TChol 4.55\u2009\u00b1\u20090.10 versus 5.15\u2009\u00b1\u20090.13\u2009mmol\/L, Apo A<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> 26.8\u2009\u00b1\u20099.3 versus 22.5\u2009\u00b1\u20098.6\u2009\u03bcmol\/L, Apo B 1.25\u2009\u00b1\u20090.23 versus 1.29\u2009\u00b1\u20090.23\u2009\u03bcmol\/L, glucose 5.66 \u00b1 0.11 versus 5.99\u2009\u00b1\u20090.17\u2009mmol\/L, HbA<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>c 5.83\u2009\u00b1\u20090.1 versus 5.97\u2009\u00b1\u20090.1% and CRP 1.92\u2009\u00b1\u20090.2 versus 5.26\u2009\u00b1\u20092.8\u2009mg\/L. In conclusion, adding highly purified EPA product (4\u2009g daily) on nutritional counseling leads to a significant TG reduction. In addition, this treatment appears to have pleiotropic beneficial cardiometabolic actions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/lipd.12391","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,21]],"date-time":"2024-02-21T20:12:55Z","timestamp":1708546375000},"page":"67-74","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pleiotropic beneficial cardiometabolic actions of a high\u2010purity eicosapentaenoic acid product in high cardiovascular risk individuals"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1222-3415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charalampos I.","family":"Liakos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1st University Department of Cardiology Hippokration General Hospital of Athens  Athens Greece"},{"name":"Private Practice"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leonidas","family":"Lanaras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine General Hospital of Lamia  Lamia Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magdalini","family":"Bristianou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine General Hospital of Lamia  Lamia Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios P.","family":"Papadopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ESH Center of Excellence for Hypertension, Department of Cardiology Laiko General Hospital of Athens  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx095"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20105878"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2011.04.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1812792"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2840-12-100"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa652"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc23-S010"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehp508"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00043798-199710000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"Guideline for 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