{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T11:12:39Z","timestamp":1788347559502,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,22]],"date-time":"2007-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1179792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lasers Surg Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ablative laser resurfacing is considered to be the main therapeutic option for the treatment of wrinkles and acne scarring. However, in Asians, post\u2010inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is a common adverse effect of laser resurfacing. Fractional resurfacing is a new concept of skin rejuvenation whereby zones of micro thermal injury are generated in the skin with the use of a 1,540\u2010nm laser. The risk and prevalence of hyperpigmentation in dark\u2010skinned patients using this approach have not been studied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the prevalence and risk factors of PIH that is associated with the use of fractional resurfacing in Asians.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective study of 37 Chinese patients who were treated with fractional resurfacing for acne scarring, skin rejuvenation, and pigmentation was carried out. In all of the cases, pre\u2010 and post\u2010treatment clinical photographs (from standardized and cross\u2010polarized views) were taken using the Canfield CR system. Two independent observers assessed the photographs. A prospective study of treatments of nine different density and energy levels that were applied to the forearms of 18 volunteers was also performed. Clinical photographs were assessed pre\u2010 and post\u2010treatment for evidence of PIH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the retrospective study, 119 treatment sessions were performed. Sixty\u2010eight treatment sessions were high energy, low density; 51 sessions were low energy, high density. Patients who underwent a high energy but low\u2010density treatment (range of energy 7\u201320 mJ; average energy 16.3 mJ, 1,000 MTZ) were associated with a lower prevalence of generalized PIH (7.1% vs. 12.4%) than those who underwent a low energy but high\u2010density (range of energy 6\u201312 mJ; average energy 8.2 mJ, 2,000 MTZ) treatment. However, the difference was not statistically significant. Localized PIH occurred in the peri\u2010oral area among patients who did not receive air cooling as an adjunctive therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both the density and energy of the treatment determines the risk of PIH in dark\u2010skinned patients. Density may be of more important but further studies are necessary to determine this. Cooling to prevent bulk tissue heating is also important, especially in small anatomical areas. By using adequate parameters, the risk of PIH in dark\u2010skinned patients can be significantly reduced. Lasers Surg. Med. \u00a9 2007 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,23]],"date-time":"2007-05-23T19:00:13Z","timestamp":1179946813000},"page":"381-385","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":182,"title":["The prevalence and risk factors of post\u2010inflammatory hyperpigmentation after fractional resurfacing in Asians"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Henry H.L.","family":"Chan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Manstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.S.","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Shek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Kono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.I.","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"1043","article-title":"Cutaneous photodamage in Koreans: Influence of sex, sun exposure, smoking, and skin color","volume":"137","author":"Chung JH","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.1998.tb04161.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.10247"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.10036"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20048"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-4725.2000.00039.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2004.30402.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","first-page":"89","volume-title":"Laser and lights","author":"Chan HH","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2310\/6350.2005.31302"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20484"}],"container-title":["Lasers in Surgery and Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Flsm.20512","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lsm.20512","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T12:46:17Z","timestamp":1696164377000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lsm.20512"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,22]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lsm.20512"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lsm.20512","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0196-8092","1096-9101"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0196-8092","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9101","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,22]]}}}