{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T04:19:15Z","timestamp":1749183555864},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,25]],"date-time":"2008-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1219622400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lasers Surg Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Composite cartilage grafts were excised from New Zealand rabbit ears. Flat composite grafts (of cartilage and overlying skin graft on both surfaces) were obtained from each ear and cut into a rectangle measuring 50 mm by 25 mm (<jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic> by <jats:italic>y<\/jats:italic>) with an average thickness of approximately 1.3 mm (<jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>), skin included. Specimens were manually deformed with a jig and maintained in this new position during laser illumination. The composite cartilage grafts were illuminated on the concave surface with an Nd:YAG laser (1,064 nm, 3 mm spot) at 10 W, 20 W, 30 W, 40 W, 50 W. Cryogen spray cooling (CSC) was applied to both exterior (convex) and interior (concave) surfaces of the tissue to reduce thermal injury to the grafts. CSC was delivered: (1) in controlled applications (cryogen released when surface reached 40\u00b0C, and (2) receiving only laser at above wattage, no CSC [representing the control group]. The specimens were maintained in a deformation for 15 minutes after illumination and serially examined for 14 days. The control group with no CSC caused injury to all specimens, ranging from minor to full thickness epidermal thermal injury. Although most levels of laser and CSC yielded a high degree of reshaping over an acute time period, after 14 days specimens exposed to 30 W, 40 W, 50 W retained shape better than those treated at 10 W and 20 W. The specimens exposed to 50 W with controlled CSC retained its new shape to the highest degree over all others, and thermal injury was minimal. In conclusion, combinations of laser and CSC parameters were effective and practical for the reshaping of composite cartilage grafts. Lesers Surg. Med. 40:477\u2013482, 2008. \u00a9 2008 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20652","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,25]],"date-time":"2008-08-25T15:28:40Z","timestamp":1219678120000},"page":"477-482","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Minimizing superficial thermal injury using bilateral cryogen spray cooling during laser reshaping of composite cartilage grafts"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Cheng\u2010Jen","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sally M.H.","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lynn L.","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian J.F.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keen","family":"Ting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02648725.2000.10648005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-998117"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","first-page":"297","article-title":"Laser reshaping of nasal septum cartilage: Clinical results for 40 patients","volume":"3907","author":"Sobol E","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Soc Photo Opt Instrum Eng"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archfaci.1.4.282"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/42\/2\/001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","first-page":"296","article-title":"Laser\u2010assisted cartilage reshaping: In vitro and in vivo animal studies","volume":"2395","author":"Wang Z","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc Soc Photo Opt Instrum Eng"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940010901215"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-0709(94)90083-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","first-page":"8","article-title":"Reduction of superficial thermal injury using cryogen spray cooling in conjunction with Nd:YAG laser for cartilage reshaping of composite cartilage flaps: Preliminary investigation","volume":"37","author":"Chang CJ","year":"2004","journal-title":"Formos J Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","unstructured":"ChiuLL WongBJ ChangJC.Minimizing superficial thermal injury using cryogen spray cooling during laser reshaping of composite cartilage grafts.LaserExpressWebsite.May2003. 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